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İ
СɽʧܣдЩɥ
ǰΪ̶ȣûԼ˫ޡ
СβÿڶڵȰȣڵȵһ죬һ˴εɽ⡣
ÿ˫ϻɽóԺúˣÿһʣ˫𣿽ڿ
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ΪСȨ֮УıԶĺ
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ܰ塣дСɰԸȴִšλǱ˴ӣճȤȻйƾű˴˼ᶨĸ飬ճ谭óԸ


1 
ʱڣɽ˽һѩ
ⳡøĴѩһҹ֮串ƬأӰһɫ
ѩǵɽϣһѩѺȻ˶ͷ̽һԲԴ
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СƤëǼƯʺɫֻжβͼ˵ѩ׵ëκСճõ׺ȴһֳɵβ͡
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С궶ԴϵĻѩ۾
ֻצѩϷɿٶ˸ѩתβɵһɨ
ɽȸ໡һѩ˸ţҹѩ¸ԲԲСӡ
ߡ
С겢࿴βֻǰצβϡ
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ԣǲ٣ⳤɽϵĶ࿪ʶвоּľС
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ٵȥĻ
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ôţͷԼƵʮòãԺ˫𣿡




2 
ԼѾˡ
ˣΪλһֻԣ˵Ļǡ˫ޣ
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Сȥʮ棬˵ʱҲתŽ·ڼ֤ԼĳϿҡ
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Сƺģŵˣɿܵһԣɵβǰһɨ
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תͷεѩϵˣһ̾Ϣ
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3 
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ҰɽȫóԵĵطԼ᲻óԣ󡣷һֻѾʹֻȥܲ
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4 
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5 
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Ҳû˵βͶڽűߣצһһβͣĬĬըë
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ܲܡɣ


6 
Ȼ֪˫ʲô˼
Ϊ־ֻ翪ŵĽһЩ˿ڵĹд֣ᱻ侺׷
˫ʣǽһ־ֻжġ
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7 
Сʵ޹ЩҪΪǹġ
Сٲ£ѵЩطã

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񲻼ѣû˶¡ӵһߣ̧Զ֡
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ƽʱҧôӣȻ۵úܣȥ͸ҩܣúˡ
ҪзƤһӾܺˡСƵģͷõ͵͵ģ˿ǻҺûãǲǣ
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֪СſɰͷŻء
¹ԭ⣬ôܡ
عͷ˫͸Ưĺɫ
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8 
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ⲻ˵ٻ
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СС壬ȴܰĻǾòֻʶӡ

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С˯ĵط
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Сצ߬ȭͷץýġ
צӲץ
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ë޵צӣǷ˵֡
ͱˣ


9 
ˣԣֻ껹ãȻ
˵Ǿ٣ΪɥѾûзβŶԡ
ҲԹΣ޷ΣҲ˿ûҪָļ
ôȻ͡
ЩҪ
ĵһӦҪҫץŽ·ҲܶԷǲǻ˯Уұ㿴ҡ
˵úܺÿÿζֻƽƽͣһǲ̫ţֻ˵󻰡
¿˵ʲô
ңܱˣζҪٳԽľԪҲ˫ˡ
ĺܿģ⼸궼ûôĹͷŽ˯գɿſţϵϲɫȥ

˵ɫܲɫףȴһ㲡̬ĺ졣üţǰ㻽ûѹ
·Ѿʶ塣
ôˣ
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ά˯ǰ§Сƣֱ۴䣬ȫûʶѾ˱仯ü𣬸ߺȻ£˫ۡ
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ĵ¶̵һ

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Ȼһ⸡
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СڵϣãȻգ۾
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ּѩ
ּѩûʲôˡ


10 
Ů֮˽̫٣ּѩĻƶǶһͷˮּѩ˶ҡһ䣬һֻ׺
׺ͣվа˸ߣë˳ѩ··Źʡ
ĽҪ
ȻԼģҲܺÿ޷һֱԼĵطѩƯĺ꣬Ǻеӡ
΢紵Ű׺ϵëת¶ɶ޳β͡

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ּѩΪãܲٽһҲں㣬λָΪ֮󣬲û׼ãððʧʧȥɽˡ
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12 
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13 
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14 
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16 
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Ȼָ⹴𣬳˸ɸɾ
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еʱһ
ʱרעӰ֡
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ǱˣСΪٻָһЩȾоȶ͸ûȥ̫ӡ⺮ĳɽǴΨһһν
ԣ֮ԽԽá
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ͷһЦϺá

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ʣʲôʱˣôûȥ
΢Цڵѽ
Цúܿɡ
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Ϊ֤ԼûвƵģŽеʣоΣʲôط𣿷𣿾𣿡
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ϲ£ɫȻҪҳȥ𣿡
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Ɀꡣ
ӵǰϡԭ򡣡
Ŷ΢˵㣬ʣʲôԭ򣿡
ǳһʱˣɽϵķܴ󣬽ú˵ģΪɰ
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Դƺôమ
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СһƷ˿еΣǾеЦҲ֪Ҹôֻꡭϲһ㡣


17 
Ҫʲôʲô̫ӵ£ƽͷһ˵ֻ
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ɽ
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Сǰֻ֪Уδ˼䣬ðޡȻˣһһ̸һһ
ҪһԣܷСҲһֻΪķġ
һֳֻϣСܹƽԼע˫͸ӣŵúԡϣܸϲһЩ𣿡
Ҫøߡü𣬺Ƶģұرϲ㣬Ը˫𣿡
š𣿡
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ּѩ뿪󣬽Ҳʼߡ
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Ҿ롭£еԥ룬ղǸˣһϲӰɣϲԲҪ
²µ˵ʲôӦǰ
ǡͣ½ŲҺ񡭡

⣬Ϊʲô˿Ϊ˱˷һУҪ
Ҫϲõġ
Ҫ
ȻԴͱ¡
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ֻϣٶϲһ㣬ʱûôϲҲûϵ
СԸѾܺãܹǻʱ䣬顣
ٵĺ˫ޡ

֪Сֻ˫ޣҲֻڵӰ˫޵ļƻ
˵ʲôǰ˵
ֱҪЦ룬ֵҷźͰѩ˵ҪŬҹ֣
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գգۣ𣿡
ţġ۵׺Ц⣬ͷսЩԡôң


18 
Ļַ˺һӡ
Ĳ֪ôˣҪǻĻͰѽˣ
ôأ
ԼݽȪյһݡ
һһһůͣɽϻǻѩǣɽ֮ȴѾů紺
ߴߴߴ̧ͷСɽȸͷϷС
˽ŵĸСڳɽ˸죬ǵûΪʳȱӣֲ١
ɽȸ䵽ǰ
ڷʲôأҶһˡɽȸ
ûɣ顣
ɽȸʲô
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СɽȸԲһ˫̶ۡ
Ƭ̣ջĿ⣺ðɣ֪Ҳûá
ֱմʪˮķ˿һˮ飬ˮŲѶ¡
÷
벻
÷ǿˣֲǴ򲻹
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СɽȸԴ룬Ϊʲôȥʱأ
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Ļ𣿡
еģһҳءɽȸչȻ滨̵ȫͼҿʲô
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СֱۣߵƮء
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΢ʧȴֻǳЦЦתǰߡ
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Ӧְ̧ס࣬ǰȴѾߵӰƲˡҡͷЦֻԼиԼ˸ӡ
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.
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С껹ǵͷû˵ⶼЩͳӡ
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Ϊúܽһɣ䵽ϡûüȥãΪȻ߬ס
̵ȶȴӴһ̵ֱĵס

һͷ
ɽˮʯʣŵǿ齸ʯϣЦעڣҪһҵСѧΡ
ۡ


19 
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20 
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21 
ԭΪֻΪԼǰòδȫܡһʼû⣬˳Ȼ˾ͳԣ˾˯ʱѰط
ôգ״̬ǵûкתԽԽء
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22 
һ仰Ϣ̫󣬽һʱûܷӦ㱼仹ΪԼˡ
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֪ʲôǵã϶кܶʣҺ۰
۾ģңɽȸҲ·˺üɽǿɲ˯
΢ɽȸ˭˭˴
ɽȸɽȸѽ
ϮӸתЩ˵©졣룬ƣģҡҡλվ
ʶȥûվƵģȻ˸
йɴֲľµϢ΢ʱסˡ
ⲻȫƭˡ
еۡ
ԴӴǺ֮ʱ롣ôʱ·ͷȵҹŸҽǿžشô⣬Ѿ˼ޡ
ûٻشˡ
ΪЩѧĹ˵ķӡ
ֻҪôһԷ̶Ӧʲôٶ˵
Ҳ֪ʧʲá
͵͵ţԴڶԷ࣬ǵز˲䣺Һ˯ˡ
̫ӵºôˣһʱֶ֪Ķţιɿ
ȻҺÿİ
һ
̫ûиоϤĻľ񼸺̾и
һΪǲټˣû뵽ټ㡣
㲻ǵҲûϵҼǵþ͹ˡ
ټ㡭ð
ǻﺬźŲزסЦ⣬
һһ
̫ˡ
ĳ֣˵ĻƵý˲š
ɲ꣬ƫƫƫƫû취ƿ
һأ
һأ
ƫͷߵ
ʵʱƳ˼ֿġȴûˡѾҪ˯ˣţ޷ؽȫϣһ㶼ĽȻ֣ˤڵϡ
Ҳݵģݵ̫ˡ
˿ᱧ𣬴߽ңڴϡ
һմССһţĳС
Ҳһ޽ĵģ
վڴߵͷһȻʣӦòƭҰɣ
ƭ㡣ΰѣƭС
Цá
.
峿첻ˡ
ƽ׶İˣǰҹھţٳʲôӡ
ʲôҲû۵һմ˯˸ڵأһҹûзһ£˯ǰʲôƣҹͻʲôơ
Եðҹ˯Ľɵӡ
˺ҹپ˯š
İҹţһͺռ˽Ĵ齣ֻСϽš
λؾ֮󣬽˯ϴѾκˡȥֻҪ΢⣬޷Ϣڣ·ڵ˯һҲ
˯ţҲС齲ʵԭ
Ϊꡣ
굽ǲǰˣûѣӽʲôĿģ˵СȻһ϶ġһЩ£˼⣬ԼʲôʱԺ˯˶֪
ʱȻҲƣ᲻
ƫƫǼĵһգ̣һҪȥִ䣬ڼ档
˯
ѵô˵һ˯״򲻶СƵġ
ˡ
վڴߣ˯ú˵һѣһ㲻˯Ҳ˯ı̬
ָ⴫Ĵüͷ΢˶
ҡˡ

ʲô
ȻĻ
ûѣǰˡּΪĳԭ򣬲Ϊл˺ӣǲζţǰѾ
ߴϣơ
˯ǰĵذЬ࣬˱ӡǱѾȫߵ˴ţӣΪ˯һҹɢ˴롣
ڰڵ¶ͷ״ɰļԼһؾµǡ
θʲôеģϸ·һֱ۾ȫȦ
·°ڲϸСȴʺĵԽࡣ
һ£ƿߡ
ӦӦɣ
˯ˣְˡ

ɫӵԭվһͷȵĳ
Ҳ
.
ʱЩجج߳ԺţһϮµæϥء
¡ʣ仹ʱôѵô磿
˯šƣذ˰üģԸѰƫԺԡ
һʣԺпкβף
ȻȲ̫ӶйŸԺѾõġ
ö˶˵ģΪҪ
ûʲôףȥȥýͣ˰֡
ֻӦǡתȥ졣
޸ڽ߶꣬ε֮һܿ찲źһȫµƫԺûҪκ̷ֻԺš
ˮڣԼݽˮһҹƣŷ
Ŀ޸һͷµΪء
ۣû˵ʲô
ֵҹ񣬳ôܵס

޲֪ʲôֻǼɫƣΪΪʳ
ܿϧ
һҹ˼룬ʲô¶ˣΨϵ˸ɸɾһҲû
ҪǼͬСɣ󲻵ã̫š
ɤӣӦ֪ˡ
û˵һֻޣ
ƹ߽
뽭ͬ䣬һֳ뻯ںܶʱֱӴ潭ȥһЩ¡ʵʵģҲ㲻ϼڣʤӢ
һʣ㻹ûȢ޶԰ɣ
ޣδȢޡ
ϲ𣿡
ޣ
ȣµ˼ǣϲˣ˵
л¡޲޴ֻԸ̷ңȫȢӵĴ㡣
˵ôԡ˶٣־䣬ʣһ죬ЩҪ£ʱиİָʼˡ𣿡
Ƭ̿հס
ǿ衣
ޡŶ룬ΪƬ֮ʣɾš
úܺÿ
ޣ
ޣ˵һ仰
ʲô
ޣԽÿˣԽƭˡ
Ƭ̡
޵ͷҲƬ֮ʣ²ؾš
ţ˵úе˼صͷ
ַԸȥɣѱסԺغˣӽ𣬲Ҫκ˿ҲҪá
һ٣ûаѻ˵ꡣ
ҲԺǸСһˡ
С󣬻û˸ڽǰôĻѡû˸ңҲûƭù
ǵǲǸСƭӣó
ۣǰģ޷˯գǹһĨЦ⡣
ԣ


23 
ʱѾ͡
Ǳ춯ѵġ
Ժ۾ƫͷ˴źӰСɽȸڴߣƵŴѡ
һ̧һ紵
Сɽȸ˽
ô˰ɣ
Сɽȸڴ齱ߣԴҳⲻɣ
ҸоûرšɻشϣץӱڻҺöⰡҶ
Сɽȸ㣬Ӧû߲Ŷ԰ɣ
ҲŶԴ˯ĴϣӦû̫ҡ
ȫѾǵԼװ˯ϻشġ
Ѿ뿪һʱˣζûȫɢȥ콭ָǵıӣһڡ
ǻӵԭڶԽζûнζҲ˯áǼ·⼸ѾͰͣûٴˡ
ζҲޣϾƻҲŵû̫á
һò㣬ȥˡ
֪֪ȥĶˣСɽȸ
СɽȸǰɽǸ̳ʲôţҿˡ
ȵҹɫҽǻСɽȸѾǰɽѰ˸֦ͷ˯ˣ˯ѺײǾм䡣
ȥ˵ӣʱǰɽѾɢѽСɽȸʣһֱû𣿡
̫ȷӦûаɡ
Ȼһֱ˯úܳ糿뿪ʱģģеоġ;Ӧȫûв
ҿԺ˼̵ġСɽȸɵߣָָߣǲ׼ģ
߹ȥ˳Сɽȸ߿ȥ濴Ժʯϰ˼̸㡣
û̫ע⣬ԼǵӦûжġ
ǽ׼
ˡʳԶ罭ˣûڶ룬ҡһ䣬ûһֻСꡣ
ȥɡ
.
ԭҪġ
ּ̣䣬ЪһЪ׼տʼҪȥɽãիоգʥ
ˣּʱлҪôóȻŵꡣ
ɼȴ˵ӡ
ȥãǰһˣЦЦôôͻȻǷϿɲôдġ
˾£˷ʥϽȫȨ
˾Ѿ٣˵Ǻͺԭû΢˾ҹ󣬽Ǹգ
´˷ΪһãҲ쿴µТ;ģˡ
˵ƣýûʲôģִ̧ϣ¿ҲõȵˣھȥΣ
˾һ㶡
Ҫ쿴ҵľǰãĹǹȣ۵ȴЦ⣬ȥ׼ɡ
ûκ˱粵Ļᣬ˾ֳֻһȥ졣
ߺ޲ǰ£⡭
̧סĻҽݻ·
ŸոսϻżһϮۿأжв㡣ȥ˼̳ԵůйŮǰ¡
ȥǺصֻۣͷϵĳ
իĹвͬҪһдӼ򣬶ǰ
Ůժ˷ڣԸȥɣͳлҪ˵
Ůˣ޸ȥһź⣬ƵЩˣնȲ
ޣ£Ҫã
û˾½˵ǷˣҪǲȥԵúûТ;ģױ̨ȡ˸ľɢķ˿ãᳰһЦЩϼһ͵ץҰѱأȻҪֵгһЩ
ν棬ΪʥȻǽ⡣ӣȥѰҽҲԼԼիʥϵ缲
ɵףʥϡ䡢գŵúܡ
Ϊģһòݡ
ȻˣǾҪݵƯݵ©С
˵⻰ȴ̾˿浢¡
ȥһСһġ
һȥãٵõ졣
鷳
޵ǵɵµİΣ
ط̫࣬òܴκÿȥիĹ⣬κ˲ܽӽ
˴˴ģõĿɳ֮
ԭ̣ղã޻ʱø񡭡
һаԭƻ±ãصǡ룬ֻһе鷳ðҸæ
ޣԸ
̵ģȥסԺӡԺͺãҪݡ
ޣ
޴ĹɵӡĬƬ̣ʣ£糿˵Ǹ衭
عͷƬ̡
鵭͸ż޹
޵ͷֻǸ裬ˡ
.
󷽵һԺǽߣƣ徻
󣬽ԡ£ȥһֻһ½롣
ڵĳҲΪ򵥣ǰλţ˲ΰоů󣬿ɹϢ
º뿪ڵУ̧ۿǰЩλ
﹩ĽȻʣԼλȻŹ񣬵Ϊλǰоη֮ġ
˼㣬λǰϣϹϾݡ
ڴԵ¡
νիȻֻһϷֻ´󼪡ܳģչԼТġ
ܳľģҪʻؾǣʥϹĿ֮ڡ
ܳС¶Խ˵׾٣īʣдµּȴݣâ
ճҳ⴫
ߵߵߵ
ߵߵߵ
ᣬյĴȴú
ʼһ٣֪˭ˡ
ԭһⰻȻԼûע⵽۵ѲԾֳЦ⡣
û·ûƵģͷдͦøֱˡ
ϤĽ࣬ʱʱü¡
Ѱ˼ûӦŻͷˣȻЩһӦţôһֱţһƫҪõΪֹ
ԭһſ˻ûкУû뵽ִţôȥҪѵ⿴صĹ¶ˡ
Σֻȥš
һ϶ŵŵһûվȣӴһЩˤȥ
˸
ϸָȴãԺվһϱɹůģŲľµϢ
ΪϲָУһʱû֣ȴһģô
̹ϵöࡣ
ԴһڶԷζŵѽ
ġ
ʱãֵĳСˣһ̶벻˵֡
ǿѹ´ǵЦ⣬˴š
ðشһȦоû˼Ҫ𣿡
ˣĿֻλ̨ȻȤĶȥ
û˭Ұ⻰˵
ʣɶǵҵλôԲѷͲ´ŭ飿
תȥˣŲΪ⣬ûתԲɣҲܷ¡ò׳ֻ˭
Ȼ
Ͳеɵģû뵽꾹ͨ͸뷨
£ûٶԣתͷǰԣôûûأң㲻֪̫իڼ䣬ò˽𣿡
´֪
֪ġ
ԭΣСɽȸһҽʱ£֪Ҳ֪Ҫ졣
Ҳ̫ˡ
òײ¼ֿôá
Сȫ֪ˣߣ
Ȼߣǵûߣĥĥߡ
ʵҲģҴ糿ڻûԹҺö£Ͱ͵ŽһӣҲܶӵģôԲأ
һֽһī
Ҳ֪ΪΣʼռᶨΪԼУ룬ӵܻܲС
±ʣ˺ҳˣƽ˸˳ʳû𣿡
գգۡ
ԭǸġ
㽭ڲϵҲôǵӡ
Ȼ
ɵûֱ֮ˡ
Сƭӡ
ۣ̲ס¶һЦ⡣
Ǹô˵ѵСƭӡ
ɤӣǿɲɣի䣬ֻÿŻͷȳԵġ»õʱ
Щȣ¶һ˿ͬ飬ԭ̫Ҳôѹ֮ǰ̫

ҾӺˣûϵġ

ⶼʲôʲô
һ仰˵ýƿԣҲװģܳģ̧ۿ꣺Ȼ㲻Ըߣû˵£ܼ˵𣿡
һкá
װ׿ֱöԼ֪Ƕ㲻¶Ƶģʲôʰɡ
˵˯ʱл߳ɻɣôһҹȥ⻳Ѿ˴롣
겻Ļѹ˵ʵѣֵøԡ
ʶһ۱㿴˸
ⲻ˵Ļȫġ
ģҪ
ҪΣôʣǧ׷ңΪҵĶˣȻˣӦܹε֤ݡ
ҪǸҪ㣿
֤ݡץץͷ
̫æûдϽµĶҪ˵֤ݣĸ
ңѾû˼䣬֮䷢¶˵Ҳǵá
ʲô֤ء
뵽ˣȻ뵽ʲô̧ͷ֤ݵġ
֮ǰҽõĹ£һǵһЩ
ĴǳúͻҵдҲһȫ֪˵ͨƽա
ȫµ̬ȥˣʵǵҲȫŬӼһЩӡ˵˳ɫˡ
оץѲǼ¡°ӣѲϹ㵱ʱ˵ˣѲǱ̽ӣǰֻʣ·ҪôܴɱףҪôǴɱ㡣ѡ˺ߡ
У㵱ʱյǷܺ
Ȼֹ
Ƿܺ÷ｭһģ˵
һֱûдֱֹ˻ͷ쿪ڣ˵ܺôˣ
ܡܺܺҲǵˡ
ѡ
˿
Ϊܶ¼ǵò̫ҺЩԼûף˵Ĺ²Щġ˵Щʵüд©
˵ԵҲ١
Һܶ£ֻн֪ġ
ǴӺδ֪Щ
ѵԼģ
̧ۿ꣬ͷһЩԼ
̶£ôܽôҪĻȫһˣ
˱ۣʣ˵Щʱûи߹㲻Ҫ߱𣿡
˵ġ˵Щºö඼ǾܣҪǴȥܻӣᱻڡ㲻Ҫ֤ֻܶ˵ˡ
˵ˣҲѽ
ĬȻ
޷ɡ
ʣܺô£
Ƿƭ뾩ļܺȻĹС
ļյܺ󣬱ֽջˡ
ʱļ伫ңǰֻԼǴˣƫƫ귽ֲСᵽܺ
ѵ飿
˵ˡ
ãŵܱܲѽ
м⼸˵Ļѻûնࡣ
ѣҲѡ
Ĳ֪ôͽ͡
Щ黹ܸ㣬Ҳƭ㣬ԡܲȱЩȥץ䣬С˵Ҷ˵ˣҰɣòãֻ㡭
ĵһ
ȷֻҪʶ֤ݣ˵ЩѾ㹻ˡʮھԭزۣ˴˱ܣЩ飬޶֪ô
ȴһ׮׮
Ȼ֪ԼΪλὫôܵ˵ȥȷ˵ˣҲֻ˵ȥ
Ǽ¼䣬ȫޱ
֮ǰôϲڷǵԷ˸һɶƫҪȫ˵֤
̫ˡ
Ƿ˼ҡ
ҡ
һһǺɣܵе뷨
Ҳί
ˡ
ȵ֪ʱȻ֪
Ѿ˺ܶίαʱơ
˾ʣ㡭ʲô֣
ش𣬡֮ǰСġ
СꣿȻǸߵĺ׹ʣԣǸ׹͸ҵģ
׹ӣȻŶ͹һ׹ӣһ䡪£Ƿɫģ̳Сģ԰ɣ
ؾ죬ôߣƫҪġ
㲻Ѿ˰ɣ
ʵҲûʲôˣǶָһѣʲôϡ⡣
֪ЩæȻûСǶھˣѰˡҵȻӡ
գգۣѽ
š
һֱߺ˵˫°ͣԴ΢΢ţעŽʢѰûеĹʡ
仰ȻĵЦ
Цŵҵˡ
¼ȫޣҲûзѰ䡣
ðѩ˵û
С˷ˣ֮¹ôĺۼ䣬Ҳһһȥ
һسɽһǶαĨȥļ䡣
.
ûټʣܹ֮󣬶ӱˡ
࡭
žĴ֮ϣһ졣
һ٣عͷȥ
ͷϯϣ۾ƺѾ˯ˡʱǰ˳Ҫ㽭һ𣬲д֣Աīˮ
ûֶãȥһԴ˯
࡭
νˣȷǴ﷢ġ
µҲڹ๾ֱлˡ
±ʣһʱƿ߳ȥ
̫ڼ䣬ⶼˡǰŵԺ䣬ߵԺǽ⣬ڿ˿ء
Ӵ̫ӵ£µæӭǰôˣڼܳѽ⡭
ϵ¶ˣȥŪԵĹ
իĹء
Ƴһۡ
µæĿڣǣʱҲˣǿ쵽ŵʱ䣬Сȥ׼
ӦԸǵöŪˣܶ
󣬲תá
ά뿪ǰƣ˯֪޾
Źͻ͹ɲñ˿Сһ˯
ض࣬Ʒײɶ׽˵ûûֵꡣңҪñ֪̫իȴˡ
ɾ˵ˡ
ߵߣͷȴûŻ
ýˣܿȷһż޶˵޵۹Ҳκ覴á
Щָ֣Ħһ¡
ʵ˵ǲǹˣʡ
ʵ벻ʲôǰʧȥһнģİ֪޲ԡ
ʲôܶ˵ȥˣ治¡
빴ѽΪӶԭ˯òԺۣ˻ûȫѣȻشĻô
ʧЦûģ
˵ĶģǰԼŻ궼챻ûˡ
е㷸öҲģҲ˰ɣҲ֪֪ġ
ʲô
㿿ҺýЦ˸Ž㡭ǲѽ
֮ǰÿʱ򣬾⸱ģ
һģһ


24 
ں˵ʲô
Ȼ, ӵһƬ༱
ֱ仰ŷȷ꿿úܽ
üֻҪ΢ͷܴ
ֻǡֻ뿴ø, ԲǷ֮롣
ͷһμ, ôͷ
ûк˵ѽ, ͷŽ񲢲Լ˵˶ôҪĻ֮ǰҵʱ顣
, ִٵزҿ⻰, ̲סʣ֮ǰ׹𣿡
׹ö
˼һʱ, 䡣
㲻ǵ˶Բԣ, ȴί, Ƿ·ΪҪҪҰһ£
һ͡
ǲܿƵؿȥ촽ȥ, ûͿκ֬, ǺƯȻĵɫ뽭ͬ괽ǡô, ˵ʱ΢΢ϣֵ¶浭۵⡣
֪ȥʲôĸо
΢ʧ񣬶󴥼ЦЩƻߣ̻ع
⹴ҡƿ, еգҡ
ǰ, һ㺦ߵģûУ̹, 㶼þû׹ˣ
ײΣԽľԪˡ
ڲϵҲ̫ûлʳľԪ
ֱֲ˵֣ҽΪʳľԪ
ַֻ
Ϊĺܲ
֪ǲСйأͽط֮ǰҪľԪʱʱ̺̿һ飬롭˫ޡ
ÿʱͺܺĨ˽ļ䣬Ȼ˫޺öˡ
ҪٴξжٴΡ
뵽Ȼꡣ
˼ȫ֪飬ûκλӦ󣬾ͷ·ܾɥģ
ֻǲףôѹ
ﾹһ˿Ρ
ꡭôϲ
ϸȷˣϵе㱾µģȻҲ޷αܿô̫Ժ䣬ãץǵ̿ʹ
ðΣߣֻΪһ
⻹ϲ
񽥽ˡ
ٸһʱ䣬òãȰοҡҲ֪Ϊһʧ˼䣬ˣұ⡣
Ҫģʱ޷㡣
һʱ䣬ѰЩ䡣˵Ĺ棬ҾḺ㡣
ʶʮʱҪھͶ֡Խ£ϣ
ֲ
ðɡеʧ䣬㲻ǵˣģûϵ
ʣҪѽܲܲҪ̫ãҵȲ̫õġ
̬ʵһȵġ
Сʱʱ̶̿ջָûãûõĹСӡ֮ǰѩЩĵҩ˽֮յٶƺȷЩ
ûͣ¡
һֱȥĻᱻ´ԭΡ
ģýͷ΢ͷ̫ãұ֤
.
µʱԹԶȥ˵
˵ի䣬̫ӵʳȻĶȥŻԸ˶ҪһЩ
ǣʱ㿴߰˵µի
ֻֻһ
˾ٶҪһ̫ɣȽŰɡõ׷ָʲôҰС
ȻЩ
ͽڳɽʱӶϡ
˵ʵѹϰǶ
ѲһȦȴüôûⰡ
իի䣬ȻҪʳիģΪɰⶺҪԺȥ˸͡
ҡͷǻˣҪһ顣
ʱվԪڽҲЩ
ֻϲˣһ̶뿪ĵ̵ģ˵ˣ㳢Ȼضģζ
˱ôһ꣬һš
Էʱ۲죬ϲԵĶһһ¡
겻̫߲ˣǼ峴СˣھûٶȴϲʳʲôǸǱǵ롣
ȻһСĳԶˡ
Ա㣬ֱӶȥһԵůùµĹߡµǰŸߣŽ߽ů󣬱㿴굹Сӡ
óš
ʧЦ˵ʲôֻ⣬ĶԣҿԵͦġ
߰˵СˣԵ߲ˣȫ˸ɸɾǹµķʰʱһֱ۹ŽûԱ
Ҷһڶﻹи̣ҵȻҪԵ㡣
̡
ü΢΢
ദôʱѾܺ׵ķֱʱ˵ʵʱѡ˵ʱ̬Щţëȫ𣬾ֵС
˵ʵʱͷɶˡ
ÿԼе£̬ȶʮ棬˿Խţ˵ѵģ
ǡĲܻаɣ
Ȼе㻳Լ
ӣ뿪˴̫ҽСһơ
ôţʣղŻӦҪܳģȥˣ
ѾֲŰԼһСţҡҡͷ·Ѿ˯Ҫ̥š

εҡҡͷתͷů
ܿԺ˯ˣҲ֪˯˶ãȻ˯ŵһɹŹֵζۣûůѾϨˡ
ǹɺܵȴܴ̱ǵζ
ζ˴Ųŵóܶ࣬ζ
͸⿴ȥůҲ࣬һӷſȥܿǰķ
ڵɻţѾû˽Ӱ
˯֮ǰԭһֱܳġ
ȥĶˣ
ȥ΢һ졣
üͷԼоʲô䣬һ̣ϢӴ˳ȥ
ҹ£öһƬڰУ˽ҹɫƵ󷽣лһͰĶ
ǽãȴúڰﴫһɤʲôѽ
˱һͰˤϣճڣҺ״ء
ζһʱøŨˡ
㡭ʲôˣôбˣ
ζĶ˵̱ǵеܣ£űӺʲôˣҹ˯ŪŵĶʲô
˲شֻһгʵ졣
ڰһĨѩ
ȻǾѵɱ֣ʮݡǳ͵سɺֻһԾɵضһ
ҲǸˡ
ܾʹûҪ°ڶ
ҹѣֱζŪòеôֻʲôʲô
ƺܿ췢ԼǶ֣԰еĳһӣִӻͳһ
Ǹӡ
Цһھ͸ʲô
һһӡЩڰջһȣ䵽ϣɿȼǽϵϵҺ塣
Ȼ˴Ƭǽڡ
.
δԶ
Ĳøʼ԰֣⹩λ⣬ظǽïܣײ
ڸǽ֮£˿첽߽ϥأ¡
ץˣʡ
ǣǱһʮʿҪҪʬȫڿ֮С
ޣ̧ʾ⣬Ѻһǰдˡ
ĺڲҿλ񲿵˾¡
ԭˡһЦ˼Ǹĳֲ䣬ôɱһ
ٵЩǱ˵ʱҲûǰǷͲµˣ
µʲôµǻҹ֮ʣɱңһҲѲ¡ϻǴ΢Ц۵ȴЦ⣬㣬ô룬¸ӹһٻصǣΪκȻҪʱǰ棿
һ㡭һıˣ
ھɱδܳɹһؾ󲽲ƣûκδϢĿռ䡣ҪһҳĻᣬұᡣ
ǰھǵǷҲΪ˽յ̵档
⽫ìͷ׼ϵ̶һ±ʮԱֻϴֵ֧Ĵ󳼡
ڳⰵӿ֮£ǱŲˡ
һУΪ˸ᣬܹˮ档
նݳǽһ
û뵽㡣ߵǰ΢Ҳ֧
˷̫Ӽ棬еĹԱʵ١ε׻˭ˮ棬ǰдйһЩ²⡣
û¹ǰλ
ѸߣȻʱ񲿵ְָ䣬ѾԪϡôδ֮
ڴ֮ǰûлɹ
ֱڽռҪá
ɢ̡ʣΪλ֧
˵츳ȺĲɷǷ
ţȷеŻͷֵǷǲ֣ΪĿĲֶΡǰһ竵ǿŮºŮӱû´¡ֻǾǸ֮ӣܰࡣ
ˣܵûʵۣ
˵ֻǸӣ㱳̷ģˡ
˴
ʣȻ˻£Ǳߡ
Ȼ̧ͷֻҹɫУȻһ⡣
ǻյü죬ӵת˲䣬ʡ
ȥȻ𣡡
ͺһعͷȴǰϣȻһ˿Ц⣺´˷һţҹʮʿǰǶʮŸΪ˸Ǹ·
ûᣬˮ첽ȥ
һ˲䣬֪˵ļƻʲôˡ
ͷβûҪɱɳʮʿϧԼնҪģá
﹩Żλҹիñһԭʲôʧ֮ⲻ˵ġãλ𺦣ǳΪ˻ҵˡ
ʱʥϴŭġӻҵ䣬ŷһȻһΪ̫ӵδڱӣܼ̳дͳ
Щ̵ģóԿηһס
˾
ΪʲôðŻᱻɵΣգƫƫѡҹΪֻнҹ£ɽ
ʺϷŻ
ʵϣжԽޡ
֮ˣҲᱻһҥѹ˾µһѻ˸ɾ಻Ǳһʧ֮Ҳ޷
Щظϳ׹οͲ⡣
ǡ

һͲµԷڽ֣ԭǲϵ¾ŵŻǰ뿪áҡ߳ãΪ˶ΪûˣҲͲڻ˵
û뵽˵죬Ϊλϧ÷Ż
ãȻʲôĶ䵽ϡ
Ųһ̧ͣ
ꣿ
̧ϿȥĻУԽԽˮѸٱưô꣬һ˲մʪ˽·
Ļܿ콫ǣҲǳĴһϨ
ԭȥþȻԭأ֪˭ͷ˹ڵأߺ
콵ӵ£
콵ӵ£
콵ӵ£
ĸߺǹûᣬҲûͣ£첽á
ûů
Ļѱ곹׽̶ʮಽľ룬ʪ˸͸߽ůС齱ߣ棬ƣƵ۾

ᣬûʲô
㡭üͷ΢ǵû÷Լе㲻Ծ㷽һֱ˯ţ
ûлش
ģ·˯ǰҪƣ
ǰԼʪ͸ûȴȻ˽˽
ʪˣ𡪡
ұһͱһ£Һ۰
ġ
ʿǰ˻Ϊ˰ѻϨֻתʱķ
ⷨļķصůѾ۵۾ˡ
˽ʪûڵˮԼ࣬űܣƵھԪ
ԭڽ֪ȡľԪ
֮ǰڳɽÿȡľԪ֮ǰͬ⡣
βУоõٲβϾҪ¶ˡ
Ҹհæ㲻ҪòãʶеԺұһ
æʣʲô˼ʲôæ㡪
û˵꣬Դһᣬ˯ˡ
.
£̫ҽˡ
ů⣬ͨ
Ѿ˼·ŸҲɾСϣСĻһֻֻץ䡣
̫ҽʱƼıһ
£ҩһأڵأ£
ü
⶯е꣬겻ض˶Դڽø
С㣬ˡ
̫ҽ̧ۿ˹Ƶġ
λ̫ҽͷѾȫˣҽ̫߳ҽԺְʮꡣӻʺʱ̫ҽˣȻ̷˽
μ䣬ҲС
ŵùˡ
£á̫ҽ侲ҩ俿ѹôܴ˽ҪǱƼ
ԣ̫ҽұܡ
̫ҽ
̫ҽ̾˿ҩ䣺ҹͳ컽ѣ˻ϳ³ʲô¡ԭΪλСӡôˣ
֪ιʣһֱ˯ѡ
ڴüʱǳÿȥҲ죬ֻеǽںͲƬܵ˲δڡ
컹ûû˰Ϣȥȥ̫ҽ
Ϊģ̫Ծ
Żصůûüƣ˲δʱɫ԰סٷʱѾл˯ôҲѡ
̫ҽ
Ƭ̺ſ󣬵۹ȣԲŻ˯ôϢ˯ѺٳԵ㶫ҩʳΪѡ
˼ǣֻ˯ˣ
̫ҽԣֻ˯š
üʣ۹ȣˣ
Сһ˳Է˯۹ȣ
̫ҽһֹ顣
ãȻƬ̣Ȼ׹̣ҡû
̫ҽָһ𡱵
㡪֪Լ˽¾˵壬Ҳýͣʣ塭ûб⣿
̫ҽСһпָ֪ʲô
Щԥ߲Ծ䵽긹ûлаɣ
̫ҽ

̫ҽߺȻʮֹУ¿Ҫϳһ
ûף㻰ʲô
̫ҽǰϮ²ּʧ֮⣬ûбĲʣ
ˡ
ûˤ֪ӲܻСҧΪԼҵĺӡ
̫ҽȻ
¸ǿƤơ
ϸһ֮ȴҡͷСϲκˣҲ޾ɼֲͷܵĳִ̼
̼ܵ
ǡ̫ҽҲʲôشңЩͷ
ſôã˯ò̫ȣץŽС죺㱧ҡ
̫ҽ뿴СǱʶõ»뿪һӣΪֻҪͻߣ뿪
ͷеꡣ
˯ŵģܿɰһ꣬˵λôһûûεģ
һҲ뿪ôصĴ
ⰵ£ﾾƵۡ
ȫ
лҪ˵
С
С꣺
ǰ趨˵ֻһʱﲻȶ㾫Ԫ;ˣһϲ


25 
߷̫ҽ, صڡ
˯úܳû˽ߺְԼԵԽСⱾʱϰ˯, ˷ŷ̫ҽϯ, ̬䵽ڽ, ûаȫС
ˡ
߻С齱ߣػ
֮䣬׷ʲôأݵļ, ̾Ϣ㿪ڡ
ʵ֮ǰ, й², Լʧļʲôйء
Ϊļ, йؾǵ, ȫǵ÷ǳǲģֻǶʱסںδ, ʲô, ߷ʲô¡
ֻͨʧ䣬ûֻһ顣
Ĳǡ¡, ǡˡ
Ϸֵ׹֤ʵһ㡣
˾κˣ뻹Ϧദһʱ䡣
ɵ˾ǣȴҪ˸ɾ
, Ҳ̫Źˡ
˾׼ȴּ䣬Ǿ˻ܹɵġο, ̫ҽͰϮµȫ, һ쳣ҲûС
Ҳܹʲô̼
ǡΪ
΢΢¡
֪вϽ׹ƣ˵׼һΪ˹Ĩȥļ䣬
ֱ£§˻еꡣ
˳ôͷ̼û֢
ȻҪ˸ۡ
һʱ˼࣬΢˶ع
˿걧ȥ
ͷСֻǹϢﻹһԿЩĴ齡ڴϣ귭ץס䡣

Сϸȴ֪Ϊþˣ˺һûܰӴӶԷﳶ
վڴ˼Ƭ̣˷ŷ̫ҽ
֢ĲΣֻҩҽ
ȻΪĽ뿪Ż˲ǱӸԴȥĵǡ֮Ҫʲôʲô
һʶõͬߣʵ񲻺ϣΪβҲ޿ɺǡ
ôţڲŲŲȥ
޽õȻãĻֳġˣøü򣬴׼ҲŵС
ȥӵ
ҹɫѾˣûϢã˴ޣϮЩƣ齱ռȥ룬ڴϣֻҪһͻӴرߵȥɵò̫
ƺǸоɵߺȻʼһķ򹰣һЩ
ճ˵øֻСƵġ
ߵ룬ֱ΢ſ
֪޾ֱӹ
´ڲӵˡ
ϵ÷·ѾʹùǧٴΣסڲŲŲ˳꾱ۡ
Լûʶ⶯ÿ¡
.
ӦǽУͷһˣʶõͬߡΪԼ˯òϰߣû뵽Ǳº˯ȥ
ƽʱ˯ûҪȡ
գѵ˯˸ǱͷĿɹѵġ
ʱʶδѣȥ
껹ά˯ŵƣ˵ﶸȻ˯Ӧ̫ƫƫ꼫ᣬָֺб̫޹﹬ŮַƵҪ
ףССûʲô⣬Ϊȥȴô
ϵָģ͸һܸоϸļ˳ŶԷͷȥȴЩһָС
ͬȣǴëɨֱе㷢
ڰΰѵ״̬˲δۣҲûʶʲô˳ëһ࣬һ󣬺ܿ촥˸
еһ˳ȥ
һ£ۣһ˫ˮӡ
ĻĴУָԺʣôˣ
ۿյռұˣ
ȻѹʶԼղʲô
æ̣ǸҲ⡣
ǽڣ˫Ĺĵؿ
㡢֪æ治ģҡҸոδ
ѹ󣬽ź֪øոմָиر𣬲˻еġ
һβ͡
˿ʲôҲûС
ĸоûǵȷβ͡
Ǹʵ̫յǵ㾫Ԫ˯вС¶β͡
ͱˡ
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β͸ǻΪ֮ǰ˫޵ʱ򣬽ʱһβ͸е̿޳
ڲϺ˫ޣطʵ̫ˡ
Ƴеֻðʣûٶᡣ
ʣ㡭Щ𣿡
ö˶٣Се
޲ҸΣæãȥ׼š
˵꣬۱ߡ
ӣɿ֡
һʺβʹ
βëըѱƽʱһ
ԺٳˡƫͷװͰѵô찡
βͼţڴġ
ʩ˸β²غˡ
.
ΪЩ£ûгȥŷԸţʱѾС齱ˡ
³Ĵֲܱ¶ûȥҼ·ˣϴ·ǽġ
αȽСһȦﴩϴ࣬ӳȫס֡£һ˫ӨڿĿ֣ûдЬ棬ʵػơ
Ųһ٣úͷеɿʡ
ƿߣ߹ȥ㡭ûд𣿡
ûףʲô
·ʪˣ˰ϴ⼸աܲһֱҵġ
Ŷֻһ·
ʵҪٱһ·ҲѣʹôķβͶزס죬ʩ
ңŽ·ֵݻô
ȷҲǵãʱֿտգʲôҲûף뾩޳ôҹģ
׻˶ٿࣿ
뵽ĵ
ͷҲ޷Ȼ˾ǣ˸ѡ
ûлش͵͵̧ͷ
˵ʲô
ҾǾáȻķŲŲһЩ֮ǰ̫һ㲻ǲ׽𣿡
컹˯
Ѿָ˷һҹҪøóԲҩˡ
𣿡ôԶңϣܶһЩ
û̫ҽĻ˵
֢ɴС
ǵãСʱ塪λСãذ׵ү֢
ʱʥϻûλҲסھǡ
֪Ϊͻ֢ʼʶ壬񷢷裬˭Ҳϲá
ȥ
ˣΪΨһһλ
λڵʱ㱻ΪӵĵʥԸַʽȥˡ
뵱֢ʶѣΪֹ쳣Ӧء
Ȼͨû겻С
ֻҪٴ̼
̫ҽ󣬵óĽۡ
֪ġġԸ׽ٺò¡
Ųһ㣬ͷ𣿡
һ١
קŽ䣬󣺡һ㶼þûˡ
㡭ƣҪ𣿡
ͷţ롣
ĺҪһЩԪȻβҪزסˡ
һ¡
Ȼ֪Ѿ죬񲻼ǵЩ£ļǲոʶǲ̫ܵġ

ⲻΪβ
ΪβҲ޷԰ɣ
ͷ
Сͷ
·òֻ̫ϵ˸ᣬ΢ɢ¶ǰСƬ״ɰļܿƵģ۵ŲزסЦ⣬ڽʱش˽ļ
ԽԽ
ĺЩ١
Ȼͷ£׼ˡ
һûӦɿس壬һ¡ѵˮظоһʪɨ
˻ȥ촽òлл
һЩû
ˣ
ʲôζû
Ȼ᲻ùֻܰѻͷúܲʱļһϡǣ޶ԶŽݣ̫ӵޱ飬ȴּԹĿʱЩһڵϡ
һ˽ů󣬺ٷ̫ҽΣҲֻһ˽롣
ˣĴڶǱܵġ
ˣֻ֪
Ҳֻܽůź
ͳ첢֪ǰʲôֻһͷˮĶԼ̫ӵº޲Ҫ˵Ŀ⣬˷ݵŰ
֮Ҳûߡ
ûʣ£
СеԥĴɱ
˰üġ
⵹¡
ֻܰͷãС齱£ʣˣ
͵͵һۡ
ʵʩӾͺܶˣȽһԷȴ£ֻܰ¼һûһزŪſӡ
޶һӶشѾ¸еλˣϢܿͻᴫؾǡյµķԸץȻڣȴ·䡣
ͷʣŻǸأ𣿡
꽽󣬽ڵҵŻʿ
ûһ˺ۣȴ֪ΪεУһֱԲѡ
ѣҪ𣿡޻䣬ںȻһ졣
Сһѿˤϡ
Ŀⶼ
ǸŻʿȻŪڵġ
ɱˣֻӡ
̫ʩûüʿļĨȥʩľ͸ûлˡ
֪Ͱ˲Զһ㡣
аա
Ȼע⵽飬û˵ʲôֻǵȲˣŰɡ
ޣǡ
˿
ֵʿ״ڵѰһЩ
ʣʲô
ƺͨ֬Ǿʲô¡
䡣
Ҳܺʲôζôţһšڳֻ˵ǲ̫װѻġ
Ƭ̣Ѷȥơ
һ˵
ǰЩ֪ӿĵصڳһֺɫ״׵ȼȼպƼͣ𡣡Ƶ⼸ʥһֱùоʥϽǷѣоδ̫չ֪˲ࡣ
ޣǾã빤йأ
оɲֻõõЦЦ֪ôģ˾ֻ졣
ޣȥ󡣡
ַԸ˶˰ɣΣյիüòϹء
޵±Ժ⣬ȫ
ͷ˴뿪Żͷ
ôԣ˵ʱֱº͵öࡣ
ѽ
˫Ӹ
׼ⱸ˫ӣڲùͬһꡣ
ӹȴûŶ̧꣬ۿûʲôҪ˵𣿡
߶ʲʲôѽ
̾㰡Ҳѧѧôˣ޸ղŶƳˡ
ĬƬ̣ʣұֵúܲ𣿡
ܲҲȦӣֱʵŻǸˣεİɣ
˵֮ǰֻе㻳ɣķӦ֮󣬱ѾԶ϶ˡ
һ㶼ѡ
ͷӦš
ԣ书
ǵͷ㡭һɡ
Цֹһɣ
СϰʿҲ书ǿɱҪ꣬ϢĿأ˵Ĵһʿ
书¾е֡
̫ףΪҪԼ䣿
һʵŵ㡣

ʲôɣ
תһ룬⻰޵
һռʱ֪ô书ǿ֮ˣ²ߡ
˼Ƭ̣Ժһ˾ǣҲԼأҪʾˡ
ʣΪʲôѽ
ЦЦΪĳǸСɵӡ
Եƫƫһգ˼ɵҲױá
Լ£һֱ
ôҲʼ˵ұˡüԽң㲻˵ɵ˵˻ԽԽɵġ
֪۴ӺζãԺ˵ôЩ
룬ͷԡ
ʵɰĳ࣬ޣٳЩӦýѹȸеʡ
ϧ̬Ǿֹһ¶ðɵģ
ɰҪ
ʵںϲӡ
ﾫ̫ˣӣ˺Ѱһ
ܲϧ
οˡôϲ
𷽲ǵģԼǱ˴ϺѵˮһǣֻͷԽ͡
¾˵ɡ򴽣΢ֱ壬һĵģǷû¡
úˣ仰ϵЩãǰΣȲ˿Ǳ
ҧһں󣬲˺䣬ɻ̧ͷţʲô°
û¡ĬȻƬ̣԰ɡ
ǲǱҪ
̾˿
ˡ
.
Ϸȫף;˴ɱݻ֮£Ȼի
Ҳ졣
պ̫ӵ̻ؾ
·˽һգߵ⣬ȴͷУò֡
ƿһǣ͵͵濴
ۣкöˣ
뿪֮ͲٶѰС˵·̴ӣߡ
Ҳչȥ
ӾŻһξ룬⣬ж࣬Ϊҡ
˼Ƭ̣ˡ
ݻǰձ㴫˾ǣλ˾±´£ýʧȥġȴһüʱ˴
ŷİУӵ
ԣⳡݻǵûýĴ𣬷
еĵһ߻Ȼԭ˵
عͷȥſڴ߿ͷȺҪʩ˷βͣĺβͶ붼Ҫҡ
Сİ˽һæ
á
ǳ˴ɵĴ꣬½ŹҲ
ֹ֮¶棬һЦת¡ͷʱȴƳһ˽ԭء
ź񿴼ȻһĨʺ졣
·һɵβ͡
ü۾ȥ
ʲôûС

лҪ˵
С꣺βҪزסQAQ


26 
עſߵ, ߾þûƿ
괩£ӰյЩ
·ǳǰģӺüѡɫķɫϧ, ߴ˵Ǵ˵, 䱻Ȧ, ¶ϸǡ
һĻڽл֮ȥ
ֻˣһֱſڴߣûƶ, ûƼһʺӰι, 񻹡ҡεúܻ졣
ǿ, 굽ס
ʶȥ, ƺȷһǷ泤һβ͡û, Ȼعͷ
ôˣɻ
Ȼ񣺡ûû£㷽˵ʲô
ָͷҪ
ſڰվۼ, ӿԽ, ȺеձԽҡ佭ƿĳһ˸Ƿ׷ӵǰ, һõ̫ݡ
ҵЩûס
æسڡ
ǡ鰡£żڵĺ껹ˡ
Цãʲô˱żڵĺꣿ
Ǻ񰡣û𣿡Ҽһ, ֻ߰żڵĹ׷һֻĸܣ׷˴ɽ, ⸱ģ
˵˵Դ£һĸˣ
С죺Ҫĸͺ, ֱӰ
û壺ʲô
ûû¡
ܿʻš
ھۼİձȳ⻹Ҫ࣬سǾڳԱ֤ӳͨ衣ƿֻɧңֻ͵͵ڽ䣬ķ϶ͷơ
һƣһ߸̾ö෿ӰСסȻܣ
ԽԽ֣ûǣ
ûС֮ǰһֱסɽġ
ɽ
ǰ˵ʼɽȴԭΪǾǸɽд񣬿⼸սӴԺܶͨϰΪ¶ֳŹֵĺ棬δ
Ҫ֮ǰ̫ɣ
ſĨʺ졣
סɽճǿӰȥ٣ȴ£˿ͨϰߺ͹
Щصͨˣǽȥ־ֻ
ܲᡭһֻСְɣ
עıӰÿ
Ǹʲôѽ֪ԼѾ᧿Σں
ƫͷһֻǸ˵̯
ʮ㣬һ·һ·ȫһһˡӴֵĽУʹķȥ·徻Щ
ſڴߣų͵͵⿴һжô档
Ҳú棺ǰһֱסɽУסӦ뾩ǲԶȻȤΪβǿ
ڴߵָ飬ջĿ⣺һЩԭ򡭡
ǰһ̶ˮ
һյУȥ뷲Σȥͷ
Уɽ٣ˣ궼ôġ
ЩʱġĿ꣬ΪǸĿŬÿһգЩɫʣҲԺܳʵ
ǡ
֪ھЩ֮ܲٻص޵ȥ
ȻЩǡ
Ƴе䣬ֻûͷ£棬òã
עתƣֲ̫ģ㲻ǿ㣬ְ㵱ĸ׷𣿡

˰üģٰұĸˡ
ܰհСһﾹȻĸûס
͵ǽңΪǳ̫ӵǸʲôģǲʶ𣿡
ֻҪ˵̫ӣǾͲϵ㣬𣿡
ԡ
ü΢΢𣺡ϲĸͲѽֻ֡
΢
ߣ˿ǰϲģ̫ݵ
ֹЩգСЩ׽ֺ׷ˣ˭ǳģ
仰˵ȥݣм˻ߣ
ϲ㡣
עŽҲΪ̫ӲϲģֻΪǽ
ֿ·ʵʣûڽĿڡ

ͷӦá
.
ƻʱ֣ͣ˹ǰ
￪ʼͷ㲻ٽ룬Ҫ̫̫һͺڹ⣬ӭ
μ̫ӵ¡Ǹٵ̫࣬ϹϾһʣһ·ɻ˳
ǵʥߵܹܣгʥ߶꣬ǿŽġ
˵ЦˡԱ¶֣ЩŻãñµǧˣû˵𣿡
ͷЦūֻ˵ҹ콵˴ӵ£ҲҽϽɽ
꣬ʱơֻ꣬ǵһЦô˵ͷǵȥ͡
һ񣺡л¡
ʣôпǸּ⣿
Ϊ̫ӵ׼˽ӷ磬õ»عǰȥǬ幬һ𡣡
üڣ
ǡ»Ϊ±ū
ûߣȻͷԵꡣ
ʼһֱ󣬹ԹԵһ仰Ҳû˵˿̽عͷŵȥɣһסĵط㡣
룬ԳԵȡ
ǣ֣ߵ̫ԣ˷ŵҺܿͻȥ޹ҡ
ԹԵͷá
Ů̫Ӷˣ˽⻰һ
£⡭
һŮ̲סڡ
û˵̧꣬ͷĿ⣬ֽʣµĻȥ
Ĺأ֪ٶʲô⣬ɹ˲᲻ֻ̫̫ҪʲôͬˣҲֻС̫ԡ
ˡ
ŮһۣӶԷпͬɻ𾪡
̫δ⼸겻ŮɫҲɫǰˣһֱӰ˸ߡ
Ĺá˻е⡣
ôȥһˣˣֱӰϷ
Ůֻ޷ΪʲôûҴŵ̧ͷһۣ֪µ״˸ʲôˡ
ûǣֽޣҶȥãҲһͬضȥ
˵ţŵһۣչ˺ùӡ
Ψһһ֪Լ̫ӵѾ˻üˣһƬľƽӦǡ
̫뿪Գ߰ɡ
̫߻Զȥ̫ϣջĿ⣬ٿʱ۵׶˼⣺´Уջǳ
Ķ˾ôῴ⡣
ӹ˻ʲôϡ¡Ǽ֮ܵܳǰûٴͷˡɴˣڹڻʲôȫǸʲô̬ȡ
Ĵ಻أսʱѾҪ
˵ǽʵǰ̽
Щӵģܱ۸
ɲ뿴Ҳ۸
ԭԴضֱӸùءϧʥʱټʱزȥֻһС
عͳ커ͣװ׸еĵλʡ˵
ȻǱҲֻһŵʱ䡣
ܳĳ빬ʱҲûִ
ûôġ
Ƶ롣
ûйͣóʥϸ׼ĳǬ幬ȥ
.
ʥȥ鷿ճӽǬ幬
̤ڣŵģһŨĲҩζ
ʥںҩ
ΪʥϱΪۡ
ģò϶˼̬ҲЩ㲣ȻƵóʱķݡ
ǽʱϵĻʵۣƵ񻹲ʮ꣬ʵ̫
ǵ̬ЩԲڴڳġ
֣ɡ
ǰȥ
˵Եʱ񣬶Լ⼸λùעࡣ
ˣλʵûʲô顣
ֱǰʺ۱ʹ֣ʱʱٽߣο壬˵ĹϵźһЩ
ԲڴԵ
˵Ż뺦㡣˵ʱ㣬е㴭ûŰɣ
ûСøʵˡ
ǾͺãǾͺá̾˿Ǹº͵ѾѺ˰ɣôã壿
ûмŻش
С̫ӹҩ룬ڴǰιۺҩȡ˿˲ǣŵϣܽ½ɶ
ʣǾãбڳ
һԡ
ۺһͲµô˵ƽǱȥ԰ɡôô޲֡
лʡ
۰˰֣˵ʲôȴȻһû˳Ǻ
æǰ˳
һȱûֹͣ󣬴ȾϼѪɫ
üҩ֮󣬸ʵĲôˣöȥ䡪
ֹ̧֣Ļ
ӹӲ˲ǣЦҩ⣬˲ˣҵɵҩҲȲ
ǰ껹ǿʱûҵβ˵ĵ
СҲô˵ЦЦǰЩ컹ӣ˵Ҫ촬Ѱҽһˣڡ
˵˻۾Щý˴š
ز֮ûʲôθڣûԼڣֵºǴǣûˣȫȨ㸺Σ
һ١
пƾƣÿһΣǳѡιԱΨһ;
ʥǷѣۣ֮ʥ϶Ὣ괺ǽ˸
˭ʥϴǰһֱûȷ̬
ΪⲢֻǸһô򵥡
ǿǳ˲ΨһĻᣬڳڵϵ˵ĸϵⳡǣϵõ
ڽؾһϵжܵǣвλȨ֮ˡ
ЩһϴƱɳ˿顣
ĴǱԵøҪ
ʱ֣ƺƵһȥԭҲΪ
ϵƵƵԽ֣ҲѲϵ
ʥϽһ֣ʤˡ
ϲɫֻƽӦ游ʷǣǶ֮ҡ
Цֵ¾˵ļ¡
˵ӹ˸ƯСӣʲôʱ޼һϲø˼һ֡
зʢУ֮ͬԳɻ顣ĺ֮УмλֻΪ޷ֻܷΪλ檡
ȴЩȡ
֪˻عۣû뵽ֻӹ⵽Ǭ幬ʱ䣬ϢѾ˻ʵ۶
λԲڴѾõĵɶָơ
Ǹͨ꣬¿࣬Ž˴عսأһ̣⾪ʥݡ
Ӧá
Ҳ֪ǲΪòԵʣʱǸΪЦӡƢ˺ܶ࣬Դ̬Ҳࡣ
Žл˼ҳƣýˡ
Ǭ幬ûʲôˣǰۻصϡ
½պܿģ
Ȼġ۽˵˲ٻƣȴ̫ӽʢһμڱ߾ǣʤ̻
̫ӵģūҲΪ¿ġ
뵽ʲô̾޻Ӱ
ʥϥ¹Ů˶زλھǡ
Ƥӵ½ɱ̫ӣѱѧ۵µ˴ǣ̫֮·»ûôߡ
ʣǵģΪβЧ棬ĻӺӷΪȥأ
Ƴһۡ
ͨһߣū£ū֪
ɣû۵һЦ˵öԣߣһݡ
ǡΪΰ
һ
̧Ͽȥʥڴϣ鵭˵Ц⡣Щ꣬˶ʥϲˣƢˣ֪ʥϹЩû䡣
ȻǸ߱ɱ֣̤ѪȻλĵ
۱ۣЩƣᣬдżֱ⣺λҪġ
޿ı¡
.
Ǭ幬ص̫Ӷ
һеʱѾǻƻʱ֣ʥǶһʱ䣬صʱѾɫ
һ·˳񣬽ûᣬֱ޵ķȥ
ģ˶벻֪ΰֻס̫޵
޵ţŽգڵ⡣
ΣӳԹ𣬿Ϣ
޵ŷӱţӲã˵Ҫȵ»һš
üͷûȥǶ𣿡
˵ˡ޵ɹ˵˵
ѵôµʱ򣬽ʣ˵ʲô
һƳѹ˵˵黢ȥʥϳԷ϶ԲãҪȵ»һԡ

黢ûٷҲȷʵûôԺá
⻰˵
ֵ·ģ˵⻰ʱֻڳû
ͷǾͺá
ƿţһ߳޷Ը㽫޹˶ߣԺҪźĵطʱ򸽽ҪˡС
һţȷһҲûùȴߡ
ʶڿȥĳʱߺȻһתͷ޵ȳȥ
޸һңĽǶȻڵľ
ֻܿԼ̫ӵºȻһתϵţͷ˸ʵʵ
ȥغãκ˽
Ȼһ˵š
޹⡣
ޣ
޵ڣƻҡҷ
źվһỻ˿ųȥ
ûж׼ţҲûߣſҵСϣԼССһţƺѾ˯һʱ䡣
ߵǰߴϣƵ
һɵβͣβʹֶһֱƵǰɢķ˿ϣһԼ䡣
ë޵ġ


27 
һĻʵЩ˵ġ
ŷ, η֣Ҫ˿ö˶˵˺Ȼ޶βͣ㲻ǺɱҲҪˡ
̫Ӳһˡ
ֻС, ǰй, ڼ¶ԭʱ, ʵû̫ȣ˳¡
ΪֹƳˣƫƫȴǿþ, ֻСֱ˵ͨˡ
, ڿһĻʱ, ĵһӦȰ֧, ڶӦǡ

ôİ֮, Ȼ޾˯ѶβͶ˯¶˳
ôԺӡ
Цá
ûŰ˻, С齱߶¡
֪ǲֶô˰޵ģ, Ҳ֪ǲСֵİ˰̬, ɰ
СƵ壬ɵβͱͷţԴ·˯ú죬΢΢ţʱʱԺ֪Щʲô
ٶ˯һ, žҪѿˮεβˡ
ԴǶ޶Ҳܿɰβһ޵ĺɫΨĩ˴һСذɫë˿̰Դ, ýЩȥ, Ƕеضһ¡
̲ס¡
ŲųĴһǶ޶ջֺ˶Դ׷ȥ
СƵġ
ýˣʲôҡ
ӦûܾܾҪ
С
ЦȻ䵽ɵβϡ
ȣ
ڰΰ֮䣬ľָС
ָм֣󣬸βͼⶼ÷
һ·β͸
β͸ëеģָɨһ¡
ҪסβͣøҪ
Ҫ
ղСβʱ˴˾ѵġ
촽ͷ𼸷ֶӵ˼
Կ
ŵøᣬ˳ëһһȥĵطһ
ɪһ£йһĵ
޶βͷɿʧӰ١
ջ֡
ѹʱܾﲻ̫ԾʶԺʶȥʲôҲûβ׵һĸоԼһ¶ܡ

Ȼſ˱վС齱ߵˡ
գգۣʲôʱģ
ûлͷɤеƣոա
Ŷͷ̽ʣûСûпʲôֵĶɣ
ûС
ڲģ⼸죬βǲС¶
кüΣ糿ӽԼβ˼ϡ⼸϶˯̤ʵֹѣĶβ͸
żû˯ãָôʱ·ʵںƣ
޹ڴǽζһԾûסСһ¡
Һû¶ڡ
ֻķӦҲ֪Ӧû£ĿĶβͣôܻôƽ
ʵһҲƽ
ͷǾŲƳĵط͵ĥ
Դʶ֮ʵڲùˡ
Ǹ
ΪʲôһֱվѽȻ𣬽һ䱻סˣҺöǿɲȳԷ
ȳԡ
Ƴߣ岻תȥӶԷקԼ䣺ҡȥԡ·
˵꣬ͷҲصĳ޵
ɻԴ
.
ԡ£⣬ȷԼѾصĹ״̬ŷĵػ޵
ſߡ
߽۾ҶҪˣҲҪˡ
Ų΢١
ǰ֪û˵Լеµ棬ֻǻ֢ûпΪ뷲˲ͬҲܻУ
ĵͷ
ֵ˽ЩС£ƺֻֻͬ壬ҲŮ
Ҳ
Ծ¿ȥֻһѪӿͷźòƽϢ.Ҫ̧ͷ
ٶȥ¡
˲ŷֹŹ֡
عʵ˲ˣȻ̫ӲڹУֻһţɰ̫ŵĹš
Ȱһ˿ˣֿ˿ȫûʶڵ꣬Ȼ̾˿
һģʣЩôãôȵģ
Ǭ幬һˣٵһʱǵһûٻð
ŰеǵƷŻ̿ڡ
סˡ
ղֻҪȽһԷʩЩȫšû뵽ȥ̫ãѲµڣһַ
ҡСƵĽ壬һ㣬µ󡭡ΪůͰɣ
紺ʱڣů͡
СӰ
ţ˵ҲеûʢԣС̡
ûʲôۣ˽⻰ȻýûлܿͰ׵Ժ󣬿ĳ
ûûεģԽԽϲ
Сǰ¶ݵ£ôʹ
˵ǰС꣬˵ʶʱ򣬽Ӧ֪ʵݵġ
ʱ֪ȴţһɡ
ԸٵһȣȵȿСһͷʲôĴ㡣
һҪ¡
Сꡣ
̧ͷô
̫ϰ߷˳ԷķʽԶʱһȥԵô߶
ְȥŵڸҽ˹˵£ñ֮ǰһ㣬֪𣿡
֪ѽ
¶֪ӡ
ѻ˵̫ŵίͳ˵ЩЩ
ʲô룬黢
ͷ
ĸ𣿡գգۣ̫ףĸʲô˵֮ǰʱһֱߣҲûѽ
졣
Ϊǲ⹬еĹأԿʵ֪ģ
ʣԣǰ޽䱸ΪֵΣ
ŽֻǾÿжϡ
ΪνжϣߵˣҲΡ
ĺˣǰ˵֪ġ˽ڵʲô֮ǰѩ߹ˣʹغܶ࣬ϲˣۺ˵Ҳܶࡣҵǲ£ҲΪ˵£Ӱ쵽㡣
ѩ
ʶ̧ס죬޹
ѾѧζԸ͡û͵£ֱʲôҲ˵ĬĬŽֻҪ࿴һͲˡ
ȻӶԷ̾ãҲʡ
Ľļ򣬻ο֪ᵣģİɣҼȻѾ׼;ԻỤ㣬϶Ầġ
ôԺ©ٳС֣Ȼ˵Ҫ
ʧЦ
ǲǲѽƳ뷨ܾұҺõģܰæ
ǰǷܺһģĻҲģǰ߽Ѿˣ˵
ûв㡣ͷ
֪֮ǰܶûͨ£㶼ͨˡҹǳ꣬СѲϵ
ڽ֪ʱСһžѾһˡ
ҲֹһΡ
ǡ
ʳ֮УĿɱֿµöࡣ
룬ֻǸİΣڹʱҪԼȻң𣿡
˼һЭصͷðɡ
Ц˿Ǹ⣺԰ɡ
ͷ
ƫͷעﵹǱȷŷһЩ
СƽʱȻеԺ뷨ȴͨ͸óϣڶ˺޽ġ
ֻҪСĶȹʱ䣬ȵʥϽλڹо͸ûʲôҪĵˡ
Ψһǡ
󣬴ΪԵ˺óԵĶٴ֣ڶ쳣βͣ̾˿
ʱѹ̶ˡ
ε롣
лҪ˵
Ŭס


28 
ҹ̫ӵ±ȫһ޹̴ӣȫߣͳ֮⣬̫׿
գʥϵּ⴫˶˴δǵȫȨɽ
˵ȫȨ𣬵ʵʳľĶǺԺʱ䣬ԵĿѶ¡Ҫ£ںԺľİ嶨ۣԼֽĵԡ
ˣڴǿʼ֮ǰмӿɹ
еģСڻʹﵽһ棬һ䡣
ֶദ˼֮󣬽֣ҹ˯ʱûѶβ¶Ҳײܡ
ԭδôزԭ͵С֡
˯ʱʱʱβ˯ˣ仯ʱҲزסǿĵʱ򣬽кüζۿβ󻶿ػγӰ
СƵġ
һůͣ԰д⽥Ũ
ٽ磬վ˹ߣͷһ

˹Ϸ󣬴׷ɡ
˹󣬽һ¾Ѱ˼Ϻõӣ˼·
ϲɫҲʺϴɫһʺ촺װϣĵ÷ɫѩס
ϲ̫أ糿ʱı类Ӹš
һĻҪùЩֿҪָ𼸾䲻ء
Ȼֻ͵͵˵
ΪСԺʱʱ¶ĺβͣʱҲٴ̴ӣ¶ԼΪ
ôʹ֪̫Ӵӹһ꣬ÿҪûˡ
ٿһûߵһֻ֦Զ棬羰á
ΣѾܳʱˣ𣿡
еΡ
Ҳ֪Сֵֻ껹ֻСÿվúܣ棬Ҫʱʱ̰̿ãһܶ˵
һʱû˿סٻعʱ˾Ѿ
֦ͷŰţЬӶŵˡ
һ㡣ӣסѽ
˵꣬һɣ֦ͷһԾ¡
һæǰȴûиоԤеĳ
ҲᣬȽ§ס˱Ƕһµֱ۴ϣüĿЦ
Ǹ𣿡
ҪͿС
ûµأֱӰ˱ȥһͤ£ַȡڵϵЬӡ
Ϊ껹ϰԣǲЬ޹ŵҲͰˣҲ봩Ь˵˵Ȱס
⼸ЬܺһʼôȰġ
ûʲôá
ԹԴӦ˶ãأЬܡ
Ȼûȥ
֪ǲǲܺüĽţǱġֻ˸˵㲻Ҫ̥𣬺壬ǻӰ̥ġ
˵⻰ʱ޹ĵ棬ſ߿
̰ѽһ˽ϡ
𣿡ŽĲӣǵʣ᳤𣿡
ӺܿҲڻ£ονС˳ְ§ͷ˳Ļ˵˵أǲ鷳ˡ
ǰһֱ鷳ġ硣
֮ڰѽȰ˵ûйŲڵϡ
ҲǣͤԹԵţȵЬӣؾشϲվ
˵ȻǸоʲôͤ⿴ȥ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥ濴Զߡ
˻١
.
ǰͷģһꡣģᣬò뽭мƣһˡ
ǣͤȺ߽Ϊ׵ȿǰ
һ˭ԭ̫ӵ¡곯һ񣬵̫ӵ£ò
İʣʱؾģ
н⣬ǵʥϵĻӣΪƹܺΨһĶӡ
ͱȽС꣬ȥŸռڣͶȴԳϳɡɻ磬˳ʱҲǼλģϥѾкüŮ
ǰʱĸ岻̫ãʡףһֱûھǡ
Ѿаûˡ
ոջⲻĸ͸밲ϧĸڸźҰۣҸϳˡ԰䣬û뵽ôɣ˻֣С
˵ţȥ˼⣺δĻɩ𣿡
˵ʱһֱվڽἰŴӽ̽ԴԹԴкĻӺá
ãһˡ۵׺Ц˵ȥȴһλ޾׵ˡһЩ˿󣬽һȻ鴫
ü΢һסߡ
ôȢӣȻûԭ򡣴˼̳һźòھܸŮӡǧġҲǸ˵֮ڳɻǰ˺üλŮӵĶӡ
˵Ӱۣʥϸָ˻䣬ָġ
ȻûжЧ
˻ˡ
ƺҲʶԼеʧһƿߣëˣ˾ּ߲¡
˵ʣʲô£
һ㶣ֺγԣ
븸ʵǬ幬סԶйܹ䵽ģȥ乬Ҳһ䣿
뱻˴ţߵԶ˵㣬·ǰһΣҪ乬ˡ
ϧôԶǱ
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Ƭ̣Ǹ𣿡
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29 
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30 
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31 
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СֻϲǵҲûá
ͷ̵ţ
ʻ룬ŵС̧̫ͷºȻ
⼸̫ӵ¶ûСӳţзԷ˵̫ӱ飬Сδö輸գѾʧˡС̫ԭĴ滳ɣ̫ӵµĻ־ôԲǼ١
Ҳûʲô˼ѵСѾҲǰ
ֻߡѾͳ˹
С̫ԽԽпܣ̾˿
.
̲νڵصף͸ֹһ߽ȥŵһɸܳʪζ
·ߣܿˡ
ѺؾڣѾաǽߵƲϯϣ̬΢Щƣϵذ׸ɾģ׵ͷҲһľϵԺ
ģƲжǱ
˽ЦЦϳ֪̫ӵ³ҡ
ｭţְ˰ӽȥת뿪
ˣȻˣǱ㿪żɽɡǰ£ƽָʹЩµĻ֮˹ͷȥ
еϳ˵ܶΣָʹϳһδ֮£;
ǵ治۾Ҳļܵǣ
˽⻰΢
ֱͦļȻиұ䳱ʪǽϣ̾˿ˣһм𣿡
ɫʲô˼
й߻谵ߵݣֻƺЦ£ʲô˼ӦݻĴϳ˾һӣúܡ
ҵļˡ»ҵõ𣿡
ûлشǽˣü䡣
ҵˡΣķ˺ĸףСŮ̷ҶۣһСʮ߿ˣȫҵˡ
ھྩһɽ֮С
бĵڶ죬ʮ˱ټ˾ǡȻȥ׷ȴǰ죬ߵһСȫһɽ֮С
һҲû¡
ԭΪʱ׹¶
ڿ
Լġ֪Լ˱ؽܵǣв뿪֮ǰƻãԽȫɱˣ˱㲻вˡ
ˣúݵİ
˿ҶԲסǡ
ǹԲסǵġ˱ۣѰɽʱǰһ꣬ɽ֮ѪɺӣѰգŽʬȫ
֪ЩкʲôҪҪ˴㿴
벻ϳûв𡣡еΪҵȻѡ񣬱û·²ذ׷
壿ȻСŮҲΪ˴壿Բڴ꣬Ѿʶκ˵ĸףҲΪ˴壿ֲʲТ֮£ڼ壿
дӰ֮Уûлش
˿ˡ
عͷޣ֪ǰΪôΪˡ
޵ʣ£Ҫ̡
һϮµԭأ⻰Ƥûжһ¡
ǴҲʲô˵ġ߰ɣûҪˡ
һĸˣֻǸˣԱЩѶԸ
߳ңǰӣš
£һ붾ưɡǽߵˣȫʬȥɽ֮Уžۡ
ڵȻ̧ͷ
ûٿתȥ
ڣϥмűߣؿ˸ͷ
л̫ӵ¡
ķڸǣҲͬڸסߵ͵͵
.
ŵ̲εôʱ䣬̤ʱ̫Ѿɽ
ڻӣζҲšƣذ˰üģӭǰｭȥȾۻζۣ˼ոµġ
̰£ʣ£ôɱˣȥ𣿡
̬ôٺȥûõġӹ̵˲֣жԼ˲ʲТĻλȴǾҾ塣ڶûزĳʹɡ
ޣǡ
뵽ʲôЦ£޴ߡ
ǲȫ񡣡
ޣµ˼ǡ
е̬˼ȷһ¡׷ģԲ
αӡɱ̫ӣȻûбϳݣѾǰ˳˻ʴ֮һеռƻóѣܵõģ಻ǽ̫֮λϡ
Ӳκ档
лΪɣһС
ңΪǿһСǰµĲ䵽к󣬻ԼвĻָʹ
ȻıвƹͲô˵ӵ֡
ԭݻڿҲڼ޻
һݻ𣬼ֽ̫ĻӶǣУ⡣
ô˵ѹѵӣ
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ӽţŸʮߣǼλ츳ģҲųһλҪһ֮ôǲŵġ
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ĶŮǵʥϵӵĸ
Щʥ״һղһգѳֳȷйٴԣ˵ҰģȡȨ֮
Լѹ֮ͽϣ˵ͨ
ȥһɡ벻ǣ¶ֻȵΪֹǱߡǵĺвԶˡ
ޣǡ
̲ͣſڣ̲߳һС̫༱Ҵܹǰ££ˣˣ
æʣôˣ
ǡʥϡС̫ʱǰʥϺȻּ˶ҪСȥǬ幬š
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ūҲ֪С̫ȥϾܿ޳ּеˣǵ˼ʥǰ˵ʲôʥϲšźȻһСӡ
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С̫£ССӲǣǲڹ𣿡
һ¡
Ӧ
СαֵòȶԼˡ
侲Щʣ˵ַּ֮ʲô
½ղڹڣūǱ밴յµķԸκ˿޹ŵ֣˵ǴʥϿͣūûš
Сӳּ˺þõŶûӦ͡ʹȥˡ
˭֪СûڹڣҲû֪ȥĶҲˣֻ뿪
ʥϷŻ˿ͣع֮ȥǬ幬ʥء
ĬȻ
Сڹ޷ֻ֣ǸꡣƹܹȻֻһʱ
ĻӽǸ˵ӲͬҰĲСϻʺ󣬱뵱̫
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С껹飬ûס
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λƳǰʻȥڳĿ˼ȴɿת
ּǼûҵС֤꣬ӦǰȫġڵǣôʥϽͣΪα޹겻ˣȥ
һʥϽһҪȥҸ
ֲܲع
Сڻڹȥһ̣һΣա
Ķء૵
֪ôðˣǡ
ôţȻоȱʲôץһ¡
ۣͷȥ·һʺĺβ͡

ҿһ棬һʺӰӴ˽
ղ𣿡С˲䣬ĵѽ
Сϰʣô
ҹѽСո˯޹£˵Ҫҡ˶䲻ãôѽԾͳǽ֮ǰ͵͵Ӵȥˡ
ʣԣôӶһֱҵ
԰˵Ҫȥ̲
ӹ֮ҵСɽȸԾϤҲʶܶСһ·һ·ңûþҵ
ģûκ˿ңҲû˿СβͣҴɡ
Ц£Դţ
ô찡Сֻܱܲȥɣ
ʣ㻹Ǳ䲻𣿡
ܱģֲܼ˶áС磬ôҪǰغ꣬᲻ֱӱ

ӦòڣĳֻСûһġ
˼ţȴСһ£ѳ˵ϡ
СͷƳֽ
а취ġ
úվǰצڽϥϣβ͵ҡ¡
ţЩϲռҸŮ˵СƵģһֻצӣ䵽ϡ
С껵ҳһڣһ϶û⡣


32 
û˵СԴ˼ѣֱԴϵëġ
ɡѽСѿ˦˦Դ
һءЦС󾱰붼룬ꡣ
֪ԼȥΪʲôֻС˼
߯ˡ
ôС֫ʲôҲСڰͽ͵һצӣö𣺡С
ҾСˡΣҪҾͷ𣿡
СװͰ۾ҿǴΪҲң
ûƳֻƳ˿ɰһ١
ʵôá
ƹˤ̬ﱾͱһγ˵ʥҪС꣬ǽ֡
һеĲ˳ģ·ڿС˲䣬ɢˡ
湻˺꣬ƵѾа취ˣİɡ
Ƭ̺ͣĳƧβ
ǰ˿ȷˣŶڵ£ѾķԸ˶֧ˡ
ڴӦãҲȻعɡ
һǡ
һЩҪ죬֮Իعȥʣصġȥɡ
޳Ƭ̣ȻӦǡ
һϮµܿʧβ꣬һԲԴ̽
Ҹо⸽ˡСԴʣΪʲô˶Ūѽ
Ϊʱܻع
С꣺Ϊʲô
Ϊ㲻ڹڡ
Сգգۡ
͵㷽ŲڶܱȥʣҪ㷽ȥĶˣôͣ
Сꡰȥ԰ˣ
ֻҪ˹ǵһоڸʵļ£Ҫҵҵ
ʱûˣʱȴȻͲ塣
СʣǸôѽ
Ƭ̣ƺ˼ʲôСңܣҺܿͻ
Сͷš
û뿪ãܿˡ
ʱﻹ
һˡ
˱һֻСģë޵β;壬ƺ˯
˷СǰԱһ£ҡͷǲ񣬶˵̯ٻԲһЩƫûôԲĺꡣ
СԴ
Ц£˵ݸֻצӱţӦģ԰ɣҪһˡ
ûˣֻԼȥǰͷݳҲûѰʲôС·˶Ŀֱ·˳ǡ
յְͳʶһ·ûֱʻǣڳһƬפ
ɫѾȫԼԼƵüһɫӳʡ
һֻСط𣿡
ˡ
СҿʲôҲûа
û𻰣֣С˳ֱȥסͷС
һСξ룬һϪ
԰һ˼ҡ
ľݱƿ˴߳СæԴؽ󣺡ˡ
޷ſ
С̧ۿȥ
ľסһķ򸾡
ʱ䣬ȳĸ˳ȻЩʲôһλҲ˳ǸһλԺӣԺӱߵĲʰ˵ɲ
ʰʱ̧ͷϪͷĽ
Сʶ㣬ȴһ£һ
ͷʾ⣬ʰתͷݡ
СƵ󣺡ס𣿡
ǼסˡСɻʣ˭ΪʲôҪǣ
Ϊ׼ĸĸ

˹ȻǰҶΪֻǸͨû·ϣ˭֪ǸС֡
С㲻
һ鲻ˣǺڹġ
֪С֮󣬽׼
ǶԷҵˣǲ˵Ҳʶ֣й¶ܡѾǿĻ鵽˴ǻ˵Сָĺӡ
Сͷ֪
ȻʲôȻԣǲǴ߻ʵۣҽ첻ڹΪһ̽ˣ
ؿ
ǵȻС껰˵һ룬ֲԣұʹ
ЦԴ
䲻˵쿪ʼұˡԷ򸾻ڼеĺۼ߱ˣʱΪ˼ĸӹؼס˼졣
ЩԱʱ֮裬û뵽ôó
Се㵣ǣ͵͵뿪ʹǲǲϹѽ
ⵣǰʱУʱѡһڻʵۺǰ¶Լ֣˵ʲôԽĻӰá
ЩϹأҲš͵͵ͳûκ֪
СȻû֣˶Ƕˡ
˽Գ𣬽˾ǡ
Ҳط
Ψһǡ̾˿ôˣһعأ
СǣȻҲΪ˽ⳡϷꡣ
ʥϺȻټ̫Ӽƻ¶ֻԳǽؼ̽׵Сӽӻعȥʥǰ
ǡ
еСꡣ
ֻܴܲȥ
ʱѾɫСԹſڽԡɫµÿһë·һ⣬
עƬ̣˵Ԫֹһַȡ˵ϢѪ⡢ҺڽԺоԪ
С꣬
Сգգۣһ룬оһ
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ĻβԴϻֻ޶㶵ؿŽ
̧° ֱȥ
Ǻᣬ΢ŪƵġ޷ֿݣ׾ٳֱ롣
һ֮󣬽̧ͷ𣿡

ĺЩ٣ҲȷŻҪڽ뿪ʱʶ׷ȥ
Ԫ۵׺Ц⣬𣿡
ԭԭΪ˾Ԫ֪´ˡ
һ㶼û
̾רһ㣬㻹벻عˣ
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ôʣǸô죿
ֱ̧ۣסļüСԶ׼Ρ
ЦӦáͷٴס
.
ٽʱ̫ӵڽϻ˻ʹ
عҲûȥ𴦣ֱʥϵǬ幬ȥˡ
ܹܳڹǰͣǬ幬⣬ӭȥ
̫ӵ¡
ǰĳԯϣһۣ㲻ڸǰ̷ô
ūڹǰȺ̫ӵ¡
ĬƬ̣һǵģѹʣʺ𣿡
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üչЦлˡ
û˷ƿ˳ǰ
һִֻ˳
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нƵģȿվһԵĳַɿջĿ⣬ʶ㡣
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.
ֱӱ˻ʵ޵
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ʥϴ˼ɫ£ϣԻ˸޵ĸˡ
ˡ
ûôעǸˣ䵽ϣ΢ü
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˵һ׼õ˵ǣһƽ񣬲йأ˼ĸ͵͵ͳȥҪ𷣣㷣Ұɡ
ԭͳˣѹȥ٣ȴ˸աƵܣ̫ô
ر¡ݹ棬˽Գʮһ£ٺ»
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ڻ·Ͼͺ˵ʵ֮һ仰Ҳ˵
û뵽ͷȻôء
Ȼ֪棬ԴԤϣⶼûһ¡ԵȴȻ˵ˣ£ǷҰɡ
һתͷ
껹ߣѾֱ˼ͷǰĳۣûзװǸηηβģ̫ӵ´ҳȥģܷƽ
뷨ܼ򵥡
ǵͷֶζ˵ʵ˺ֻҪ˸ϳȥʲôԡ
һʼֳģȫȻš
üʣ˵Ըܷ
ӦţԸġ
Ǻ۵ġܻЩһʶܶС̫֮࣬󣬶Ҫڴʮ¡
ܵס𣿡
治ɫҲۡ
˵ͱקһ£ѹ֡
ûк֡
⻰˵мָԼľ˼ȫʢֱʩסԼٴǿһҲ۵ġ
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۾ۣý
ϷЦ磬Ǹģǡ㣿
Ҳֱۣ˼
˭֪̫ӵʥǰֵöһТ˳µģûΥʥϵĻ
Щһζײۡ
޵һʱžƬ̺Ȼˣ£ͱŻˡ
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ǳ檵Ĵɳ檿̫ӵģЩĲ̡˵ˣ̣ۣһλ蹫ӣҪҵġ
ۣǰ汻ҲĸԸκԹԡ
Ц𣬳֣ӣñºúÿ㡣
ȿ˿΢ɲس˵ͷȥ
û߽ǣ
ƣ檾˵дԲд̫ӵ´ģȷǸѵһء
еϵ֬Ѭе㲻סˡ
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üĺƣ鼫ƣ
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˰ɣڣ˼²ǹ㣬˵̫ӴСˣǰջţȴŲʣ֪˲ص˺δ
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㶣ҡûб۸
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ʵۺͻʹ̬ȣȫһ
ʵۻʼ߽ʱ֮⣬ʱ鶼ǵģƲж׽Ҳû
λͺ֣ϲƵģһ¸ĸһô뽭ʶЩ½֮ǰ˵գõĴ𰸣һһˡ
ڲԽʱѶƽʱ˳öࡣһһ꣬ǰҲûҪɵģ벻뽫ĸҲӽס
˼ҸʺϹܾ
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ֱ߳ţ֣ԺҪǱ۸ˣȥԵĲ˵ڵĹˣһǹܵ˵ġ
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̸ϽΧʱ߶̫ӵδɻ飬Ĳ¡ѵöһģΪͿ£пԭο蹫ҺϲģҲúÿ᲻÷ġ

С˶٣ֵѾСˣҲи̫檻ڱǰԼ䣬õյóԸҲǡĸԸ
΢ӦǱл
뿪ȴû˽ǣķߡ
ߵǰûˣŵʣ˰ɣ
ۡ˿Ͽȥ§Щ˵Ҳ̫ˡ
Цһʲô˼𣿡
סԴڽͷ˲䣬ֻǸоûġ
˼ӣܶʱ򶼲²룬һ˴ǲģǿóġ
λϣƲжġ
Щͺãߵ̫§ǰߣء
̧ͷʲô˼ѽ
ԭЩ𷣣ˣʵ˺áէ¡ҳ㣬ԸܷҲ¡飬˵ʥϸⷣǻ˺󹬵Ĺء
ûף¶ؿ
û˸ҹҲû˸ҹ̫ӣãƻصҪֵ˭ͷϣ
ãȻգգָָ̧ۣԼң
ţ㡣ģΪɰһѣ濴ȥҸ飬ʵ˾ã빬ƻ棬ôˣ
ܳĺ˴
ǲףǻʵΪʲôҪӦѽ
ǾҸЩ·񡣡ᳰһЦֵÿµȥֻ뿴γУӦԣȴ˽ΧֻЦӮңۡ
еɥӣ鷳ܴ𣿡
ʵ鷳
˵ֻǼС£ΪڹӱöȽ鷳ģһ¡
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µ
һֻԼĶ뽭ʴΪ˽á
Ϊһֱһ㣬ʼûгɻ飬ҲûŮ෴Ļӽ⣬ϥȴѾŮȺ
ʱ򣬽ȢһΪŮ
ĻӾĳһ֡
Խʥǰ˵ĽŲʣ˵Ӧʵϣϣܳɵģ¾
֮Գɻ飬ΪŮΪҡ潫°ɣλ̫̬ȿ²̫á
ҲӰ콭
ûɣʥֻ뽫ΪѱͬʱŽȢһλ
֪϶ͬ⡣
ſӵء
ⰵ˰
һֱ֪˼ڶԷǳϽͱʾԸ˳֮δΪС
ΣƵСϡ
˼ԷԼߣЦʲô¡
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ѽ
æȥ棬⸽ûˣĹǽ¹⣬յһ
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ʺĶñסͷ޶ֻ¶һپ£ɫ

ע˫ڶñ۾½ȥԵ鷢ǣǰߣȴס䡣
ҵβҲ¶ˡ
ۣ޷
͵ֲܼض׼˴ñĶ񣬿һ
껹ûҲάֲˣҪغˡ
˵ʱ˫Ȼרע·ڴʲô
µڴʲô
СԸȺ˾ˣֵȥ
΢ЩﺬŵزסЦ⣬ȴװʣֲ޹ˣ
ҲЦģе㻵ֲ
ðա̾˿ǾеЦȴû취
ţ̧°ͣȥ
С갡С˼ԽԽˡ


33 
Сʲô˼Ƿڳû׹ҽֻˡ
ϲ
ʱƽʱҪᣬǺ̽ȴʲôڴĳֺĶôĶȴǼΪرĸоһůӼԺȫ
еоֺϲ
Ψһǣָо
ûȡҵľԪɣƬ̺󣬽ſЦЦġ
ҡеģ
˶ˣչ̣ǿʶ
֣ǰǻ˵ѵġԳۺһ㶼ûԥ˵ŵʱɫ˵Լˡ
˽ǰʲôѶ˵ƭһܲԵ¡
Խ˵ʱ̫Ҳƭ˶Էֻ΢΢һЦͷֻȥűһӣ׼ȷβ͡
ȡ˾Ԫôβͻղȥ
ץβͣеһ£շ·ˣ١һξջȥˡ
ô˻ҪһΣô
滵
ѹ̾ţͷһΡ
Ǭ幬̫Ӷⲻ̵һ·ͣͣʱ䡣߽޹һᣬе۵һʧԭء
صĲֻ̳ԲСꡣ
ά̫ãеˡ
οҹɫҲ˸˯ʱ
С걧شϣԴЩϢɡ
С˯š
ŵ˷ܾûȥӶǽǣڴϷȥüȦоûнζ˯̤ʵ
ɽѾߣˡ
кܶҪ֪æʲô
΢֪һЩ
׼⼸죬޹ȴ֪ʱô£ְŵô׵
£ÿ첻֪Ҫ١
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ûشЩСһЩ϶СץĿһֱϡ
˯𣿡
롣С̧ͷ߲˲䣬ɡ
Ӧһֻḧֻһַֻš
ʵС껹ǺܹԵģϲŽ֮⣬µʱ򼸺ôʱֻǰڽҲ֣һš
Ҵ򣿡ŽǷţûס˿ڡ
ʶ֣ʱӲرʱʲôĽ͸
һֱҡ̫ҽֱԣõҩֻΪҸǿȴκĲôȥ³Ųһˡ
ҾҲǡ
ۣһ۱Ƴ˥ܺͿݽߡ
ֻ֮ŻֵΡ
Ǻ֡
Сֻǰצϣ˼
ע⵽ʣ˵ʲô
Сʣ֪ʲô𣿡
̫ҽ鲻Ҹڻǰһֱܺãǰżһ纮֮㼱˥ߣһձһղ
ΣһЩϺܳ
·ٿݽߣߣۺٺõҩٶĲƷҲǿա
յһ̶ȣ⣬ϸʲôҲû塣
ǡеԥ˵˳ȫǶ֮ѽ
üǶ֮࣬Ǻ⣿
ͷ
Ӧø߽
ʶ࣬ͨ˵νԻңʵʲôӦ˵
Ϊвܻʹ·ش仯
ڻ֮ôĴ֮λ֪󵱻ʵ۵һǽΪǼλУֻнӵࡣ
ô˵

ʵܻ೤ʱ䣬ɽȹ̶೤ʱ䣬ЩҲ
ע⵽ԥʣǲǡ˵
֪һЩѧУвй¶һ˵
˵ڱãһηʿֳ˵ǰδʵƷǰУҪۡ
֮󣬿ʵ۹زӡ
زڴʱɱĴѲҪҵηʿټûҵֻҵ˵ʬ
һڣ¶ɭɭ׹ǡ
Ǳġ
ҵʬûãʵ۵Ĳ漣˺޲֣ޡ
ʱ䴫ţΪηʿй¶ʵ۵һ١
ǻ֮һ޴̽ϣй¶ķա
ôء꣬ȴΪ⣬Ҳûϵѽֲ
㰡
Ĳе֡Ѱǰ˥ܣӦʱŻֵ֣׳ֲ꣬Ƕಡ֮࣬ôȻǸӣ
˼˼ǣʥⲡ飿
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룺粡ӦǰǴѲΡ
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أѣֻ֪ʱ޶࣬ûټȥ
˽꣬ʼ£Ϲۣģ
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޷ܸЩѾǰҺܴæˡ
аͺáСջǰצڽ˸ƣſˣϧڷûлָȻ˵Űκء
ʣκã
ȻˡС˰βͣÿ˳ʱѶǻǻָ⣬ǰսᡣֻҪʣܾ࣬ȵû
۲Ƕ֮࣬ҵҽΣǿԼȥġ
簢ѩҩ

ĲҪǺˣʱû취ʵˡ
ҪΣҲλ˵ɡ
ԼС˼ڽϷ˸Ѷ¶СˣôķҪȵԺ󡣡
ĶӣϵãǾ͵Ժ󡣡
ѾȫӦʱʱᵽĺӣʮϵظӣԴ˵ĽǣӶЩľԪճ
Сʲôʱܳ
֪֢ʼڵ¡
Ůӻ̥ʮ£֪ǲҲӡг졣õȵٹ£ԼĶӲܾͻʶûлС
֪ʱ᲻ٴ̼ܵ
Դʮֵǡ
׸θС̼࣬ûá
Сܿ챻û˯ڽϰ塣һֻһַֻſʼĶ
ڣἱŴ
ϣСٶ࿪һʱ䡣
.
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Ϊֹ˹ףľֻںԺУÿһƪ¶ҪλĶϸ֣̽ܶܲѡ
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ڱɣҲòÿԺܣලλۣЩѡ¸ѡһΣųΡ
ľԺ̴Ӳܸȥ̤ݣһȥЩζѬ
ʮ˳Ժ˯ͬһԺԺûطϴ裬ʲôģ֪
֧°λ³Ȼˣմ˲죬㿪ʼǱ޹Сꡣ
Сڵڡ
޹һֻСڵĴϣβ˯졣
ԴӽԸȡԪ֮ķָòѾܹΡΪ˷ֹǰٷû˵ʱ򣬴඼ԭδţԱ
ٽ磬ЩŲСһƿŵһ˲䣬ɿ˱
߽һ蹫ӣˡ

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⼸նҪȥԺֵĹ˽ź򣬻᲻СײܣֻܽͷĻޡ
ȻҲ֪Լҵ²ڵеԽ㹻ģһ汻ˣҲὫ˵ȥ
޸ղòˣڵ˳
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Դ֣ܸҿ𣿡
⡪޲֪ΪЩԥһǵͨ죬Ҫ𣬿Щ
ҿӲʲôҵġ
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˵ʱʲôҪ󣬶Ծܾ
űǺ츳
޼δɣ첽ߵߣĻӷǰתͷƵĳ޵
޵űϣɻգգۣ׶ԷΪʲôЩ
ѵΪлָһһЩ
ûٶ룬ÿеַֻ
ԭѻɵġҵ־ֻ޴ˣٴȥѰѰı㲻ЩֶͨξõĻӡ
Ҳǣ顣
һΪ飬дʲô캦£Ҳ˳ҡΪһ־ֻܱԭֻһǾǡд̫¶ǡ
һ߿żȣһ߷Ļſţȴסˡ
ôһ˫޵鰡
дĵȷ˫ޡȻʲô˫޹ûἰֲûͽ˫޹е£ǵġ
ǰࡣ
ַ»ڳɽʱ㿴ʱ𣬿֮һоҲûС
ɽգһ߿һ֮ǰͽ£˼ҳûƵķ̡ǹɷ̵ĸоԽԽԣһ޶۵Ĵͷð
æ鶪ָԼ˱ˮ
ˮڹȥǿѹǵ˵ĸо
ҲԲȥˣϥڵϣβ󲻰ֵػȥ̲סȥǻ
Ϊʲôñ˸鰡ѵʵ˫ޣ
ֱ˵ͺ


34 
ص޹ʱѾ֦ͷ
޹Žգͷ⡣
޹ǰͣ½Ųȵͷ·
ںԺһ죬ܾû¶ȾζСϲϲȥζѬ
룬ûŽݣתͷȥԡط
ԡڵĹ޹Աߣûȥܸоȵˮֻǹ֪Ҫԡǰ׼ˡ
źĹˣԼƿţ߽ڵˮ
ɵ£ƿڵʱȴͷ΢ˮ
һ
̫Ӷ䱸ɭϣ˵ûôǱý
²ûС
ǰ꣬д̿͵ʥ޹Щ
΢˼⣬һذףȻؽС
ƿ
ؼΪˮƲڲΣֻԼԼһΡԶĽ䣬ССһţ嶼ȫˮ
Ųһ٣ذס
Ƶһߣ˴ˮ
Լˮ𣿡ε
ʪ͸֪ǲΪˮˣպ˵ġ̣ʱصزһ£е롣
ãȻգգۣǰˣȻôŻѽ
ˮȻû·ʪ̱㽫ʪ
⧲˸һʱûվȣ˼§뱧ԡرߵ¡Ϣ価ȵˮ˲˽࣬˫ֶ֪Ķš
ƫƫ껹һϲ䣬ˮķҹ˳Žȥ
ôˣǿһԼǣǲ̫ôǲ۸ˣ
껹ûйôίʱ򣬽һӦǻ˳ڹ۸
ûСҲίССҡҾе㲻ôô
һæﲻҿ
ôһȻʲô
˽סˡ
øЩ˲䣺ǲܰ
ֻѪӿ
ǡʮּѵؿڣôģ
ԴڽͷԱߵƬ̣һᡣ
̵ģӡſŶ¶ǵͼֻ涼ܲ³ʲôݡ
ĬȻƬ̣ģ
šƣҲСĿˣȻ͡͡
ͱˡ
֪ǻʲôöտ˼ҳʱ͸оȫ̡Ƕ񫣬Խ֪ÿԽ뿴
һ磬ħƵİѼȫ꣬ҲԽԽ֡
һָоڳɽͽ˫޵ʱ
죬ûнԱ߰
Уʱͨ˸Ϊ͡
ôһ磬ʵڱ̫ܣԡţԼƽһ㡣ԡеˮɽǿȪȫȻûƽľЧãΪﵽŽζԽԽܡ
ôɤɬôԼŪŪ
еѽСҪһŪȫйˡ
һкüЩйŬסˡûȫָйһΣҪغ꣬ҪȡóʱľԪܲ㡣
㲻Ǻ˫𣿡ڽ˲䣬ίҪǱԭΣͲܺ˫Ҫѽ
Ϊ˵ЩԼﵽ޳
϶ǰüҺʱ˵㡪
ûѻ˵ꡣ
оọ̃΢΢ŶƵġ
ôܲܡ
ǸͨˣôãҪͼˡ
οֻ
Ѿôˣǿû磽⣬Ƚ
ͷģһĳ嶯
᧿Σ
ʱܱǣǱ㲻Ǹˡ
껹ʶ˱ֱӲˮСԡˮ죬ڰرߣ˫ˮС
С꣬Ը˫𣿡
æͷԸԸѽ
Ը⣬룬Ӻͽط쿪ʼͺ롣
ļԵòôС
ͷеƵģȥϵˮ飬ǳᣬǳֹ
ץʪ͸·ۿƺˡ
һԺ۵Ĵӷˮ£޳βͲ˽Сȡ
ЦеȲ˰
΢ƣ
ȥ


35 
ֹǵȲֱҪܵĸоƷˡ
ǽסۿͺȥʱǿƲסذરવᡣ
ͷһ˫ʱҲûĸо
жȹ̫ʱ䣬ƽ˲֪ٱɾҪǿţǰй
˫ǰᣬǽҪԪǻΪйԭΡ
ֱһ¡
ЩͲȽ
˵ʲôˡ
̹׶ԣǸǳ˫޶ΪĺǰڳɽǼΣܲסй˺üŻһΡ
òýסǿһյľԪһЩ
ΣҪסȹȥѣҲܡ
޵˵ף϶ģһһԼһξԪټ
޵ÿֻ⡣
һν굹ڽ廹ʶᷢһһ¸ĺ󾱼ƽ
Ԫ𣿡
šѾˣǰΰѣ˰ɡ
ҲƲԷûںú˶١ֻ֪ȻδΪйԭΣβҲûյûȥ
žͲú˵ӡ
ӵһ곹û˶
СꣿСꣿ
꿿ͷһʲôȻѾ˯

֪㡣ĥ˵˻ҪһεģԼ˾˯˵㻰Сƭӡ
̾˿û޵껽ѣǿһΡ
ԼݲϴѰ˿ɾ̺ͷŽʵʵȷβͶû¶棬ű˳š
ڵ⣬׷׹ͷҲ̧
ƳһۣƼǼ˽࣬Ҳһ̡
С귽ſ޵̫֪ģΪô۸ˡ
Ǻġ
ԺԡظҲˡ
޹ķߣ̾Ϣš
.
ص޹ϴ
һմһ꣬Щѽֲ˻ѹֽŶţԷڰ˵㡣
޹ڵ𽥽ɫͻް⣬ͷеˡ
޵ǼⶼǺģϻһ㾧ӨΡ
עһȥǵᡣ
ԼԼԼ˵ʲôʮģǲСֻ֪Լļ䣬Ӧͷһ£һҲİ
·֪ô
֪ã˾ͻҭҭᡣҲ֪ϲ֮β͸÷
СûƭǰӦµġ
ҴԼֹһΡ
ǰСʱɣҲ޷ıǣϲ׽˵װʲôˡôڶ̶µʱ㰮һ˰ǰޱ
ڡ
Сٴʶһʱ䡣
ѾԵó׵ˡ
ϲ仰ֺңİ顣ûôమ޾Ҳûôನ
վǰϲĶѡ
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ҹɫˣоϮ§ۡ
ֻǲ֣ڻǾϻţָкʱȫͬһ
֪ôƽ̹С
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ԺţСϡ
Щɡ
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.
գɫ𣬵΢
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ŵۣ˯״򲻶
Ҫٲ͸ϲȥԺ治硣
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ޣ²ҡ
ʲôҵġôæҵлл㡣ھ⻹мյׯӣȥһĸ㿪ڣ㡣
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ڣص齱ߣ£ѱӵ
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.
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ѡ̾ۿࡣ

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ǣ̧һŪѼȣһҲûԡ
θڻǲ𣿡ü𣬡ǲˣҪҪ̫ҽƣ
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Ҳǽ仯ա룬ȵæ꣬Ҵȥɢɢġ
ã
ͷӦţֵû첻Ե̫壬輦˿ͺܺó԰ҳ˺öءҲ
еһڡ
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仯Ӱ쵽ζ
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һҡҡͷЦһ¡
֪ģΪˡ


36 
磬ڹʿŽ˻ʹ
ǵһΣʥϲֵԣǰοû˸еɡ̫ӽڵʥϡ
ڹʿ֮ϣͷû˸˵
ʿڴϵվλǰջԵζΪһţΪ𡣶ǰмվԼĪʮꡣ
괩һǳɫ³֪ϴٴΣѾЩƲԭɫ˽ΣĴ֮ϣҲԵЩ롣
ԭ·ʵ̫ˡ
˿ƾٲ٣Ҫμӿƾ٣Ҫ飬Ҫϵ˾ǡ
Ƽ򵥣ɶĺѧ˵ʵܲס
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СԽڽʳжϰ֣˳¿ȡ
ÿһοƾʿӵռ˶
ѧܼԾͲף˵õǰΡ
Һ󷽣ǽ»ӵܣȻԵЩͻأ
ǣ߽ʱһ۱㽫䵽ϡ
ҲֻǶ࿴һۣƿĿ⡣
ȻΣҲû̫α߷ŵӣôվڴǰٸѧʿԹ򣬿ʼʡ
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ʵ˳ȫ㵽˭֣˭㵱𡣽ϸϸţһԲ
ѧʿ㵽һ֡
һм̧ͷ
ԵڶѧһֱЩȤ˵˳ţС־ȡҪȫµĺѧӳͷ
ڻƪ±ܲնûԪƪ±ȽϣҲĶȥ
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ǵûУµʿʱҪչ˸ճĶΪɣԾܾ
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Ϊ̫ӣȻûʲôܿ̽òĹءʥ֣˽Կ̽ʥǲ֮ˣڵ֮УڹʿͷûԼֵʱ򣬰չҪ״̧ۣͷġ
ԣʵһο̫ӵµݡ
ֻһۣסˡ
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ü
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ڷʲôأ
ѵ̫ˣ
ƺҲʶԼʧ˲ŵɫͨ죬˫ϥһҪȥֻǵƿĿ⣬ʾѧʿһ鷽ŵĿ
ٳӦ죬ûй˼æ˼⡣
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죿Īǰ̫ӣ

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ѡ
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ԴС˹֮󣬽㽫޹ĹȫߣֻÿɨһΡ뿪ǰ˲Ÿս޹ɨһȴѾȫģ
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ڹҰѹˣЦĶѧĻУ
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顭ѧġϤϢ࣬ĺе㼱١ץŽ·ۿ΢΢ˣҪ
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ҲΪǰЩ콭˫̫Σ˫֮󣬽û뿪ôʱ䡣
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ŽõƷ飬·ȫشϽԼݼꡣ
ʵû취ˣŻܳȥ
˵ڸջӵʱ򣬾ҪӸŵġյȷԵñƽʱ꣬ץɢ˽½йƵ̧ͷͷҧһڣ㲻뿪ôãܲΡ
ҧòҲûƣƺۣҧ껹
Ƶġ
⻰䵽Ҳû
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ڣҲùġ
˵ԼӵڣæҲҡ˵һỤõġ
һЦ˳ЦӦãұˡ


37 
Щʱ򣬹˽ݲţ˳ӡ
ڵ߻谵ʽڵʵʵڽսԱĶβѾ˻ȥ
Сദˣ˵ķҲѧԽԽ࣬õԽԽ
𣬲𣿡ͷ춯
Դģеƣһ
ʧЦ˾
ǰôû֣С꾹ô˵ӣʱ䣬ƺԽԽˡ
нյΪ
˵ЩСζʶˣڷż׶ΣἫһζСľٶЩơ
Щ鱾
롣
û⻰̫ϣȴе⡣
ǲǲ̫ãС
侲֮ҲԼе̫ˡ
ȥҪ£¹Լ̫֮λʵ۶̬ȣԺõ򡣽ôҪ£һֻԼﵷҡ
ûвáͷĶͷ˵ģǰʲôԡ
һ֣겻̧ͷһЦ¸Ĵ
ݶһǹ󣬽ŵңϲңԸңҺܿġ
գգۡ
Ļøˡ
֪ԼûдﵽҪϲĳ̶ȡֻ֪ڷܿģڽߵҲܿġ
ĿģʱԼĳԡ
ԭֻڽߣȡľԪ˳ѶȻ󡭡
صɽ
ڣôȥأ
ֻ뿪˴ʱ䣬ܵҲվҲǣ˶ˡ벻ѽļĨԼڳɽһ£ôġ
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ۺеӣЩ꣬һֱ̫߸̫Ӵ˷ƾ٣ֵΣ
̫ӵкͼԶԣǿ֮š
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ǡѧʿӦ΢ϼ࣬ϴλؼʡʱѧӣΪ˶Բůߣò;ؼҸ֡
޵Ĵ̾˿ЩѾãھԭϵǰȻҲйֺŵͷɵûʵʩ̫δλȴǿ
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ѧʿѧǰڻԻõڶպͺѧУ˲ٹעһٿ״Ԫ顣̫ӵ´˾٣ܵġ

΢٣ƺԥһ¡
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պʥеǿƽʿ¹硣
ʥ岻ʣû磬ֻ̫ӵ٣Աʾ͢˲ŵӡ
ĺܲȥ
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§Դ̾ȴ˷ˣҴȥй棬ߵԶԶģ˭ҵõҡ
ûϵҪ̧ۿڴҪΣҰɣ

С˵Ĺ治ǸǵģԼÿοʼûþͿܲˣƫƫ񫡣
Ъ˶ֲҪȫȻΪ
ԽԽףΪʲôﳣͨʳԪ˵Ĺˡ
Ҳ㣬ÿСڴĿ⣬ԾܾܾҲġ
عע뿪ӰȻ̾˿
취



38 
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˼ͷ˵˼䳡滰磬޲ɢȥСꡣ
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ֵУһߺȾƣһλȻ۲졣
ǰһգʥϸʿ˹ְΪǻûʽȥδٷλѧӻŵصΪ¿״Ԫףغѣࡣ
Ŀģǽİۣǵã
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²״ԪҲΪ˾׷Ķ
δҲ̫ߵˡ
Ϊۣù¹״ԪɵķͷⲻǼ¡
Сھǣ֧ҲûеٵĳܲЩ
ں
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̫ӵ
عͷǽ¿״Ԫ
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ƿﵹһţιߣ԰ɣͻˡ
飬ֵͷ˿ߵĵҩһƬ
ѾҪز


39 
ԣǲԣ
ɿؾһջռϷ硣
Ȼ֪ȥԼô䵽־أܹӦ
ҩʲôӣ
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߶߶˵һ󴮣û˵꣬ȡǿŵҩ
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šĺ󾱣ᣬ˵ݣ벻֪ʲôӣ
գգۡ
СͲ֪Ϊÿζ޵һֱŬǨÿζᣬܲסͣһͣÿζһЩ
Ǩ̫ΣѹûǨʱʲôģ˵ʲô˻
ÿҪôΡ
һξ͹ˡ
ڻЩ𣿡һһؿŻ˺ü
СĹǣԶô졣
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ĶǺڡ
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ҺãҲÿζֻʱǺᣬΪ롣
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ΪܹжѰܻͶˡ
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.
ֹ˼գ׻ů۵Ҳ漣ĺһЩ
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ڣʥֻݡ
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ͨһ굽ͷҲ̣׷׼ڳ֡ʥ֣ͬýƿΧͷ֡
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ԣҪɡ
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ͷĸûйֹ
ǹ޵ģ԰ɣ۵СʱǲޱһͿޡ޶֪ĸء

Щˣȥɡۿϣ΢ۣЩС㣬޿ɲ治ԸԼ취
ֻ͵Ӧǡǣ
Ѿ˾ǣһƬ֮УǰһЩ롣ǣ·ߵԼǰ쾭ʱƿ͵͵
ԼĪЩС㡣
ЩĿ⣬ƫͷߵꡣ
ŷɫףҲġ
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ô
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û˵꣬Ȼƿ·ߵɣʹʹ˳



40 
һ£סС̫Ҳסˡ
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ոڳ۵Ͼе̲ס̵ڣֻθ﷭һ¾ֱͣ糿ȵǵµøɾҲ²κζž˵㡣
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ҡһȺ˿е㲻˼û£ǡеγ
üγ
š˵ͷʣղ˵ʲôţ
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Ӧǣߣȴֱһ¡
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С̫ࣺ
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ɫ԰ף˫ǰʽһ˿ý˿Կ壬˿һֻСè
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ʵؿ۾ˣװװʮϷ
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ûſڣŮȴɤ
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41 
ŵĴŮȻȥԼںͷ
ǹŮߵûӰˣѹʣŮӣǸ֣
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˸
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ǲýѵǹɶľȥ֮־Լˡ˿̿ôõľɫһҲȥֻںѰһȥúһ羰
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42 
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е㱣ѹû˵ʲôʲô䵽ϣҲǡڴʱƫͷͷһЦ
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СЩǾƣ룬ʳ񣬻ģЩǻڻе֢״ڹдô֪꣬ٻء
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Ŀ˵ԼǸʲôоһ÷·ξΪĺ¾䵽ͷϡһЩԼЩʱʲô֪Сôͷ
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ʲô
ѿĻתͷѵࣺ㲻֮ǰȫûҰɣ

۾㲻֮ǰΪɣ

ţеΪ飬С½͵ҡҴǰ̫ҽιʱﲻҡҡ
üΪ֮ǰֻһȻﲻˣųѽ
ԭѵþִ٣С꣬ǰ治֪ҡ
һЦ˳
ڱﲻסŶЦӺɵ֮ǰ˵ɵأԼɵˡӴУЦҶ̶ۣЦˡ
һЦͣվڴڣԺﶼصЦ
̣ĥһѽקػȻžһ˴
ţͷԷЦ˿С
йƵҧһڡ
߻ƻյĻꡣ


43 
ȻѾ̫ҽԺ̫ҽǷĲ£صסֽ̫ҽٴθ
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ˡŮӵ΢ſǻʱŵÿ޳Ƶģͦõģ˲ء⡣
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ױ̵ʫ飬ռ˶ϣܼңĸһҫ鹡ϲǿӸԼδҲϲЩ̺͹ء
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۾ֻ𣿡
Сèֶ£ƺڿƲסĵĿ־壬ҳϣ̫ӣΪù˵ֻҪ޸̫ӣҲԴˡҳԵô࣬СÿιңҶԲҾԱء
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йŮһңѬΪôһҹᷢʲôԶ׼
㽭סûһδŮһҹʲôûҲš
һŮھ٣Ȣûбķӡ
˵û⹬Щˣĳ̫ˡ
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ǰûˡСèҲߣյңС㣬ڶѾСƢ϶ѡȥġ
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šСèصͷ˿ȥɣҪٵȥǴҩЧûˣ̫ӵ»ġ
Ӧתߣȴͣסˡ
վԭ˼˺һعͷСè˵ǸҩЧ𣿡


44 
ҹɫ
ҹйһƬžУ·ֻżƵüһѲߵҹɫΣһһֻСȻԡ
СèйߣƹС·͹濴˵Ǽӡ
ԼĪǰ˵סԶѲ߶ᵽԾңСèͽ͵ץץɣ̫ˣȥ
βһɨһСè
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ȥ
ûеƣԿŴѴˣĿǰˣ΢Ӧһ£о⸽Ӧ˿صġ
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СèһԾ£ȴƵһˡԸоý·ЩڰĿ˲񾭡
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ֻܰе¹⣬͸յĴһ㿴ǰڷϵ¯ԼĪѾȼ¯ϲ
Խҿȥ
ڷһŴԼɼһӰڴϣƺѾ˯ˡϢûнѡ
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֪Լ̫ãƣҩѾܿˡ˭⼸춼Ϻú˫ޣΪˡΪ˺˳ֻܴ⡣
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ģֻһС
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ȷûԼ˺󣬲˿ô
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ѹžԼﲻ̫ԾѾɢ·΢е͸硣
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ȥҽС̫࣬Ǹʥߵˣ˽һʱ䲢δɡ˽ƭ󣬼ûȥʥ޹Ҳûȥƽմ鷿һ·йߡ
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ٲҲòЩˡûмŴ¸С̫˵ء棬һݣ㱻˴š
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ȴһҲΪ飬ֱ׳ǵ㣬û˼
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ʣǴ㽫ƾͼƣֱץ𣿡
šͷļƻռС㲻֪٣һ磬ȻĴѰ˵أײռСͬһҡ
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ԭһ񣬼֪̫ӵ㲻֪٣ūĴء
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ʥ˯ú磬ûдٹ̫ӵ¡
ۡ
ļƻȷǽһ˴Уֻе˻򿪷ŵһĻҪúܶ˿סС
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û뵽̫λȻôͲסӣҵʥϡ
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ٴʥּС̫Ѿд绹ȥСֹһҩŴԭһʱֻῴ̫ӵεڣỳ˹Ϊ֮
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뵽۵һĨЦȴɿ
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ԺλüƫģҲ󣬽һ㼸Ժӡ
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ŵ̧ͷôܡ
ҩ֮Ѿ˽ʣµҩȫˣôٱѳ
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ģĿһƴЪ˹γԱȡ
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һ߲ɶݡ
ֱߵ˿㣬һ߿УһƫͷߵĽ
ӶԷпԼΪƵĸ̾
Сèݰ
СèⷬٶȻҲǽǰƻõġԭûռСָ֤С̫֤ٴʥּͼı̫ӣҲ㹻ʥ
Сèϣˡ
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ռС֤ʣ۲ŵ㻹ʲô˵
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һ񣬵Ȼڲǰ鵽һйĸҽռңαĿ͵©˰ͨ¸Ա֤ݡ
סˡ
Ѻʥ޹ʼ̫ӵ±㼸ûб̬ΪԼ粵ʼ鵭Էһв⣬һнʥϾϡ
̬Ǹ粵ĵ
ף̫ӵȷںʥҪδΪΪΪռңźĽ֡
һЦЦǰͲ鵽ղ˵
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Ц
һȤЦЦ˺üʣһʱ벻Ķж٣
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ռҾӪ⣬ÿṩڵܱСֻЩ꣬伫׷ʹռҵⲻô
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һֱôȥ͵©ָ˰˵ʥҲһֻ۱һֻۡ
˭˼
Щ壬ȷôôˡۿαۣ½ȥ죬òͲ⣬óҾͳҡʱպüλѲϱ˵ȥ꼢ĺУʹ𺦣޴򿪹⣬ȼðա
Ǯⲻ𣿡
Ӧǡ
۽һͱʱ¶Щƣ֮ɫʺúϢȸˡ
۰˰֣ˡ
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ΪܹܣǸͨС̫࣬ȷˡɳʥ߶꣬ЩҲ㲻ʱʥǰ˵
ûлɹ
ѵС귢ʲô
عҡͷûûʲô
ⷴӦýɡ
ɿнշ˼һȴûԼ©ʶһۡ
Ȼ󣬱㿴ϡ


ޱջĿ⣬һѽ곶§뱧קʥ޹
Сꡣ
ڴء


45 
ԿܱСóżǿ͢Ϊٽó׶ˣ̼Ϊǿʢ˲ռֹ̹ҡ
¢г٣лܻߣЩżʣ͢ʼδ֡
ܶӵܶãԼǮƣҵأǣһȫ͢ҶǣԽ޼ɵ
Ҳͨյ뷨
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̫ӽǴ𰸡
ʮ졣
̫ӵµһʥǰἰռҿαĿ͵©˰֤ݣٵռвҵռųҳ乫ֻʮ졣
ǰܵǣʮˣ鳭ǧĶ䣬ʮ䱦ֻ
һе̫ӵ£ʮṳ̂й벽
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ռҲ鳭ļҲһھȼðգһֱԷΪ˷ʶǣϲҵ¢ϵľ档
ּһԭΪ͢ռҶԹصɢ̷ǳûʼӵ͢Լ̫ӵ¡
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ζռңһΪĵߣΪɽ𻢣ôôֵļҡ
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óԷһŽ
ڴ߷ţ̫ͻȻûüأץ˸š
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ͲˡһڣɤЩƣ̲סֻǻеԡ
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Ȼǰѽ̫ҽ˵ˣҪ嵭һ㣬õÿ졣
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Σȴû˵ʲôҨһס
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ƫͷգ£ȴֶסȷ岻˷˵Ĳ𣿡
ᡣ΢΢̧ͷƺҲڴţֻ已̥ŻôܲˣֻҪ˼ġ
Ǿͺá۵׺Ц⡣
΢ͷûĴ꣬ͷȻ£˯𣬱ū

ÿʱӦؿ죬͵ƵķɿڽһڣѳȥعǵʺӰѾߵűߣ˷š
ǳ
һݡ
ųߣȴŻ˵ˣ֪ôȥǣʵʵԵмήҡ
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ѽȴ߳ʹ˸
գգۣ˲׹
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Ǳµ˼˷й֮ѽ£µ˼ǣվ͸ôŴؾˡⲻū̫ӵ¿Ρ
Ҫعˣ͵ͿΡȿȿȡ²۳Ͷ١
ϵǲˣ˲ߡ

ĬȻƬֵ̣ʵϣ·ū˷ؾ󣬱˾Ӻ󹬣ּ̫ӵʽ½Խã۶Щ̫ӵ·һ
ʱӼҵؿ
ȵʮδķ˿ޱɢԵм㲣û뵽ʾңģȿȡ»޷游ʷǡȿȿȣ

ȵʵ˺ѷΣһ߰˳һεؿ򳣹ֻ߱õ˾䡰̫ӵϢˡ
ߵʱûȥ
±ϣ˿ֹ˿ȡ
ȵܵɤӣӹˮְ꣬§ػ
װѽ
װѵȥ𣿡ȵɤȷŸˣʹʲô㶼֪Ǹжۡ
㲻һֱ뵱ʵڿʼĻһʱ䣬ʥӦþͻ˳°گˡ
ǰǣڲһˡ˳ݵļ£䵽Էĸһء
꣬͢ĴСҪǴڿʼȾҪسȨҪѳֳµ
ÿյĲͣҪȳ۸յǻǼ껹ء
ĶʱСꣿ
ʣǾͲ𣿡
ǲܣǲһʱӣҸΪһ֮ܶйӣΪβղ
ĬȻƬ̣ˣھڻж𣿡
ɫûжǵҪҡ
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ֺܲɣѡܳۼɵ
ͰѳֳټҵĲ֧ţʵѾΣ˻Ȩ
Ҹ˵ҸʵȥԸءҿɲȥ
ҳӣⱾǻʵ۸¡۽ԼֽѡѾý˺ܶ¡
ڽСûиʵĴѡýλǳ¡ȻһѾ䶨۵ֱȶ˺ܶ࣬װһװѸ½ۣҲ˴š
ȻҪĻǣСꡣ
С겻˵𣬺껳ʱҪӵĸ飬뿪̫ã̫ˡ
÷ɣһŸ̾׸Ӱ
Ʊˣжε˼·˵һޡ
Ǹʤһʵ۶ơ
Цͷ
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СꡭҪһ˰ɣ
ҪһζûУӻô


46 
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ǲĵģмգСԽ˵Ĳ¡
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˿ιŵ˵ҸʱҰĲСͷ̣ղôĸЩ䡣
겻ôʱĹС
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Сè֣ͦԿЩռúܲԲģƤë͹ˮɰ
ǽУҲʼϲëԲСһƫͷСèһ֣СèԴ
СèȻѾ˰֣˽ٰС㣬ǰʵôΣèϰԻûȥĵһ»̲סӣûе⣬ǵش֣﷢ࡱ졣

Сסһ
Сèû֣ǰռСô
Сȩ̀ͷһ˫ɫ۾޹س
ӣ빫й⼸գҪź򡣡
СèԴԣ֪ˣ¡
ûҪŲѵ˼

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СèءءһܿûӰˡ
صԭͷﲻèèɹ̫һû湻ء
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߶ţҲ˵ѹѹеסЦ⡣
Ĭûʲô
ĺ󾱣ѧҡͷ̾ϢСɡ


47 
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뽭Ĳ²޼Դռұ͢˼֮ûãǱ㿪ʼ
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һʱ䣬еˣԱǣУԹ˲Ͼ
ǼңҲȻС
δڰտвǸ̸ʣЩǣĸ˵ȴ纮âڱʳѰ
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С·ǰߵĻ

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һǰִʱҽΪ״Ԫ
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ǰڳɽоȵǸʱѩʩ۸ļ䡣ִ۸ֻʱһٴοϤľϤˣֻḴա
ʱΪԺҲ˲δ·ϡ
ԡ۾֪Գɽ
ǡʵҲں
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⻰ÿˣ̧ͷ˽һڡ
ûüֱ°ͣϸϸһ顣󣬽һקȴǵתͷ
ס䣬Ǿ𣿡
ʣ㲻ߣ


ԭΪӦúܲԸ̤ǡ
岻Ȼ֤ʵвС룬ļ䱻Ĩȥ档ɽУ˲Ըһ
Сܱ˼䣬̥йءɾͬСȥ䣬ΪйĨȥľʵôٻص
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֪Щ뷨ֻǵǺò׻ѽ㲻ȥ֮ǰסĵط㲻һֱ֪Ǽ·ʲô𣿡
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.
ƥԼЩԣɽߡֻѰһݵؽ˩ˣһɽ
ɽ·ߣӱǰһЩû߶þ;ۡ
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ԼĪһʱһƬΪƽ̹İɽ
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ǰּѩһ񣺡ǰŴ
ֹʲôëȴ͸һɾн
ּѩüͷ𣬵ͷ˿Լģҿܿ𣿡
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λôҸּѩ룬Ȼòҽȥһɽ˰ɣ
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ּѩ뿪Ц˵㣬Ұæ˳С̶û⣬ȷԲٻطˡ
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ԣҲСۻΪ˸ʲôۣҶԸ⡣ǰҪɢǡ
ͷǾǡ
ּѩ
ּѩ˰üģתͷĨȥʱ򣬰ҲŪˣ


48 
ţ
ѾԼܻⷬἤŭּѩ׼صȴԷλӦ⻰ȴ¡
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˭Ĩȥļ䣿
ؿ
Сѹûע⻰ʲô⣬ͷˣͷžòԣ
Ӧּѩ֮⣬õѩǰ˵㲻˵˱ֻԽ˵Խ˵Ҿˣ˵ܴġ

ص
ûǴӡּѩһ̯֣ҡͷ̾ϢڿЦ㻹Ǿǡһȥˡ
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մϻ̫ӵ£˿з·ҳһ࣬кܶʣֲ֪ôӺ
˱ּۣѩǰ˵ֻǸЦ
Ȼأּѩ˵ȻûʲôģᣬûͷỹʲôΥҪΪݵ˵ɣ

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š
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ҵһοġСɽˤȶˤˣҾ㡣
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СڱܲˣһڽΡڽϣѾ͸ɫҲе㼱١
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С껹źӣ̫ŲŻŻŻ̶ֳȣҲ㹻ˡ
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һҪ֪ԭ𣿡ŽĲӣСʣ㣬ݺݱ𣿡

Ųµͼϵԣһݺݱ㡣
Ǹݡҧּأеɪһ¡
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ͱưɡۣһΪģҵܣôңҾԲ˵ġ
ЩЦˡ
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ǧҪסˡ


49 
ʵеݣûмСûߡûóֶΣձ䣬˾ص˵ʵˡ
·𷽲ڽźݻһˡ
š
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šͷȫˡ
ǡԥһ£ʣûҵɣ
ͦġ£죬վǰȥӭ洵磬ȥһӣֻûûεС˩
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ͺһС˶뿪˵ģ㣬Сꡣƭƭһ߿ģ
߶Բ
Сģе˺ݲ˵
Ҳû
̾˿ôģҺòã
һҹûۣﷴ˼źܶ¡
ڿСߣֻΪ˳Ѻɺ˳أֻ᲻ٴ뿪
һ죬òָ
ܶ࣬СһֻΪ˷ǿ˼䵽Ǻûǻ
ﷴ˼ַʣʼյòһ𰸡
Ӧ˵д𰸣֪𰸶ԻǲԣҲ֪𰸶С˵ǲ̫˽
벻ָֻɣ׸Сꡣ
עС˫͸ƯС֮꣬ǰʹңҲ벻˸ô졣ڡô𣿡
Ƭ̣رߣ˵Ҷ롭

ϵ΢ս˱ۣе㱻˵
ôǰȻ롭
Ɀꡣ
һϾҪģæҲǹⲻģ벻ȻָˣӦҲ֪ҵӱˣôѵ벻
Ϊ˺ȻԸԼӱˡ
侲˵㣬֮ǰ㣬ΪһաӻҪüأҪôͿʼЩ¡

ȻһЩ
Ƿ˺ϲ뵽ܾúܾԺ£ÿһ£ҪΪδ㡣ǣǵδҲ಻ѣҪ¶ôأ
ôȥͺΪԺ·գԺʲôǲͰ׷ˣ
ⷬ˼㵱ǡ
Ҫһѽĵһ鷲һ𵽴棬һ𿴷羰һС̳кöö¿ء
ĪЩӿ죬õƣһ𣿡
šصͷЩԥȵȣҺȻʲôȥʲôҲ̫Եġ֮ǰֻҪ԰ļĨˣôѹ
ͷҲ¶ѹӣҲģҲѹڶˡ
ھ룬һ¡
üţ濪ʼ˼
ǰȥɵˡ
̧֣ḧƽüģеΣ벻ͱˡ
֮ǰִ̫δ֮ݵ⣬̲סĲ˼롣
Сôӵ˼
ֻǰ˵Ҫʲôȥˡ
ƫͷѾߣΣʣС֪꣬ʲô𣿡
ʣʲô
佫սգҲġعͷ۵״һЦ⣬˼Ǵӽտʼˣʽļ
ûΪʲôȻ£̧ͷ
뿪ɽգδｫɽתʱΪ졣˶٣ֵǽ죬ˡ
ԣڴ췢һʹࡢգճ֮Ҳýˡ
һ¶ӡ
Ҳڽóۡ˵öԣ˵һ꣬ʲôʲôʲôȤڣǿĵġ
仰ˣͷţô̫Ҳ̫õģҾ룬һ
ЦЦҶ˵˲㣬㲻̫żһҪ󡣡
ʲô
ǰ£ԺĨȥҵļ䣬߰ķϡҪٱҷһΡ
̧ۿ
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Щˣǵвֻۻ֮Сꡣ
ҪвС뿪ء
룬˸׺ݵݺݵҪٱҷһΣҲҵĴ


50 
ǶСЧвŵæҡͷ֤ԺԲ¡ʱ򶼲ףС굽ϲˣӡ
˵ЦΪСϲԼϲħˣԸһӣҲҪһ
ʵ෴
СûôϲǵûУշԼ˺ǻ˵öСӰ£ء
Ҳܰѽ꽭ʣ
ѾճɽǴʼûԹڳɽٴһʱ䣬ŻйֻܺǰһԼԡ
ûС궯֣ԼЬˮ㡣
Сˮߵ£СֻС̣ҾԼץˡ
ӡ
ĺܶ
ʵҲԼץ㣬˭ýʵڹڽţˮˤţô˵ˮ֪Լ֮ǰе㲻̫ģûз
˭֪紵ü̫ܵӵ£ȻҲ¡
ˮ˿һ㣬һҲû
ӣںĲ̫Ժѧ

СϪںȻˮĽϲ̧ۿȥȴϪˮ룬òץ£ڰջһȣˮɿˡ
ۡ
̫ӵ»ʪ͸ҶڵˮôôǱ
Цڲݵϴ
̣Цˡ
Цˣһ̧֡
һ紵ŽϪˮƮ䵽ǰһµģ۵Ļ㣬
һȵģۣץ˺÷ʵ㣬

ûݵûٵġ
ֺЦʪ͸°һȥˣ
Ү
̫ӵץ㲻Уһ֡
˶ؽ㴦ɾŽСչţûһھƮ㡣
ڻ԰Ͱ͵صţģƺƼҡβͣβ͡
ܿˣٵһż
·ץʱȫŪʪˣ۷һԺţԼֻһ¡
Ƕ㡣С죬Ȼܳˡ
ĬȻ
Ȼɤ룬ڳʲôöأǲøոպã
ѩգգۣô
Ҳ𣿡ּѩ߽ƳһߵĽҲǣ̫ӵҵȻǰ֮ܵʱ򿩡
΢
ǰ¾ͱһɣϾͺˣҸŶĳպܺõģûĺóԣ
ּѩЦЦڻѱˡ
ǰˣʲô𣿡
ּѩϲ뷲˴򽻵οǲŸռûر£Ӧòʱš
ҵȷм¡ּѩʣλڳɽסã
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ּѩӱᣬ˵⻰ߡ׼ȷ˵ʣǴʱؾ
Ѿйסһ£˵Ǹûعˡ
Ϊǰھȥ⼸ҵʱ򣬽ĻȥҪץȥûʱС꣬Բһϡ
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⣬ʣǰǺ⣬ǡᷢʲô𣿡
ﻰռСֲԤ֪δô֪ǽᷢʲôּѩǽ⼸䣬ǷЩѰ¡
ǲѰ֮صģɽҩ
Һǰȹһηʱ񼲣ҩʯҽڳɽºԸӹһ٣ضĴҽˡҼĳϣּѩ
Ӧϴҩ˵Ǹη򣿡
ǡּѩͷη֪ɽеܣЩھǸҽز֮ˣһɽ·
ǰãһɽ
ʣ𣿡
ûУҩּѩҲֹһλ
üԼµּѩ˵ʲôжˣ
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ȥϷֹ߲Ϊơ
ּѩηңȥϷҲֹƵĹֲٸƳҩ࣬ܿ˲顣
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ʱٸѰҵ֮ڽڲ鱬ʱϷũΪ˲֣ºӡ
Ϊ⼢֣֮Ż¡
ҩûˡּѩ
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ٸƵҩȷܹⲡ飬»Щ񣬲񻯵ñȹȥءηɽѰʱѾкüλԴΣͶ·ûʲôӡ
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ۣǰѵǡ
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ԱʱϷһ£ⲡȥģֻӰ쵽
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ᶯҡ͢ȹҲ˵
ιֲʱֻ֡Ǹɺ
ɿ˼һлǰѣһᾡؾ˳¡
ּѩԣҪ˵Ķ˵ˣȥ˯
æסѩ㲻ȵ𣿡
˵տʼܲ죬ͲôöûټԼʢѾĺȵˡ
Ҫֲ̥
ּѩһЦǵͷ￴һۡ
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ȿȿȡ
Ǻһ£ҿͼͣǰҲǡ
ּѩûЦһ£ת뿪˶
ֻź˵ڶĿ룬ɻʣʲôѽ
ǡ
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ݣǰȻҲƽ̹ġ
˵ܻС
ճҲỳвŶԣڼȻӶˣǲǡ
֪뵽ʲô߶
ûʲôشһ䣬ӹ룬Ҩĵ
ĺȵ㡣


51 
ò׻˳ɽԭСɽжϼաɽлģԣ𷲼䣬ʺС̥ĵط
ɸǹֲýĲ¡
С굹ûж룬Ա󣬱ߴŽɽ
ΪóԴӰѩ¸ǣһصģ
϶Ǻܵĵġ
ǣڶϢƬ̣ȵͷûôңɽ
ɽ֮ǰ⻻·
СԭǴӹдļΪĽ£ȴ˶ǼѾ˵Ĳ¡ȻҲĶȥΪϴв𣬿ͨա
Ϊװ磬ҲԼ·
ȥס
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ͨմ磬ȻҪ͵£ҪعǲҪġ
Ƕġ
ǣɽС·ϣֲȥֵúܴʥϡֳô£ǵĹٸ֪ܲ顣ֲ飬ȴ˵ʲô顣
Ҫǻؾ飬Ǿͺ֪ʲôˡ
ˣ͵͵ȥ飿
ͷ
ңּѩ˵̶ˮţԹ˲Ͼٸ治һ˵⼸СС䡣
뵽Щɡ
С꣬ѩЩ굱ûȥ𣿡ʡ
Ҳûѽ
ʣƽʱڶУε֪ûȥ
˴Ŷ

ǸСɵӡ
ֵԣֻЩһֱڳɽУʵȥ㲢֪Բԣ

⵹ǵġ
ʱ밢ѩУǰɽʧܣ֮ǰÿնԼڶʱһ굽ͷѩΡ
ѩڲɽǲ֪ġ
ü˵ѩƭ𣿿ΪʲôҪƭѽ
Ҳ˼Ƭֻ̣ǾãѩƺԷ̫˽ˡ
ѰûȥС֣ӦСûô¶£Ҳ˽ⷲ
дֲֹȴٸֱҽ룬ⱾЩýСĹϵͣε֪ľƵģ
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һ궼⣬ṳ֪̂ģ
ԽԽ֡
Ҳ֪˼Ƭ̣²ҲΪѩǰȥ䣬ԶԷº˽ɣһֱǺܴġ
̾ϣҶ˰ɡ
ּѩʱȥ䣬󷽷ȥˣ벻ڡңǰѽйֲֵΪּѩ˵ڷ䣬ҲΣյ¡
ǱûıҪˡ
Եɣһʱ벻ֻҽЩʷ¡
Ǻܿɽ
ƥ˩ɽ£ڼ˷ţƨһġ˻һʱ·ȥ
ǳһһҹûӸߣҪٲϢȥй¾Ҫҳһˡ
ҲǹҪҪСȻйϢ˵أͱ˰Ͱ˻ȥС̫ˣǰһ˾Ԫ˯˾ţȻԼ뿪
ֻܴͬУһǷȥ
.
ССĴ䲻٣༯йٵĺӹƽԭΪ˵Լʧȥ˺δ⸽䶼˸顣
ּѩ˵ĴڳɽţǱӦǴӳɽ·ϣǼӡ
˸ǰһ䡣
Ϊ´壬һøߴǳɽλã˿ҲĴ֮һ
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Ҳ塣
ǸߵڣɿǴڵ£վһһŮ֪˵ЩʲôŶԳһЩԼĪʮ߰ꡣŮ٣ʮģ
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ǣ߹ȥûȿڣ˿ǣ¶־ȵɫ
ˣŮʵ
ǡòس˴˸кŵ;˵أɫڴнһޡ֪λɷи㣿
Ůһ뿪ڣȴ㡣
磡Ůõ㲻ҳȥˣںòˣô
һѽקȥ󣬵˾䣺졣
ŶԽλӣʵڲ˼Ǵˣ˲ٶԴ峤⼸壬Ӵˡ
ûлش˼¶õŮ
ʲôˣһ𣬽عͷȥٲ첽ǴĶģʲô
ûйٲôԽ˵ֻǸͨգ̬˵Ҳʵֺ̫˵㡣
ûʲô¡
ɨһۣ·ޡ
ޣΪ׵ٲ´Ƭ̣ʣ׼ģ
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ˡ
ˣٲʣô
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ٲɵ۾
ʲôҲû˵ִ뿪⸽ץ֮ǰ⼸Ӷˣ˲ܽǻ𴦽ȥ
˵ֿǰһһŮǣ춼йʲôĻͷǵӷץˡȥȥ
ŮЩԥؿ˽һۣߵקˡ
ߣٲֻعͷ
ĬȻƬ̣ǣת뿪˴ӡ
û߶ԶЩٲû·ͣˡ
ƫͷһ˼ģʣʲô
ҾЩٲֵֹġ
ô˵
ҵĶ˶϶˭֮ǰûˣץһ϶ҪúʲŶԣΪʲôѽҸոڴ˵ץҲûʣֻǻؼˡе󣬡ץץõ𣿡
úеɷµص˵ͷʣãǼȻץˣΪҪ⸽Ѳأ
һ̫ȷҲǡ˿ӣ˸ڣ
ֵͷԭˡ
˵öԣĵǲǱ
㲻һֱܴ𣿡ԼСģɰòУԴѭѭգҴСܸܲң֪ӵܣڸôأ
һеΣҿʩɽȥѽ
ɾɽȥ֪﷢ʲôҲֻҴ̬㿴ˣٲ˵ͬģȻƭˡһﻹ̬ͬˣǲ鲻಻˵ױ¶Լ
ҲŶ˼Ƭ̣Ҫʩץһ߹ٲŻһ£ʳ
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ȻСķӣǼ򵥴ֱ
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.
´ΪλƣԱڶ࣬ǽ˵ĵط˵صĵͼ֪ٱ飬ġ
ƹһС·û߶Զ㿴˳Ƭء
»ûũǼµظֵʱ䣬һȥƲӰδֵش󲿷ֶͺͺģֻмƬ˵ػŶ
ΪûмʱժЩҶĩ˶ʼݻˡ
˼ؿƬ̣ǣǰߡ
ũӰԶӰŸ߸ߵ«έֵཻ֮ʣݱأ߼ʵ´̡
ǣ߽ȥ
´岻ֻдͷһڡ
ͷС·Գ壬һǣС«έߣһӵķ򿴣ѰһܽڶҲΪελá
ɡͣ½Ų
գգۣҿ˿еԥðɣ
»ɻˣΪΣ
Ϊ
ֹ
Ȼ˵ҪȵڣȻǲڵȴڵʱʲôʱ䣬Ȼƻ«έȷǻԷ֮⣬Ƶߵĳ֮һ
ǡ
Ҳ̫Ȳ˰ɡ
еΪѵʣһҪ𣿡

ֱСӦòʲôö̧һָԶĴͣȴԱߵ«έдһ
٣ǾƫҪǸ˴꣬һƿдôߵ«έԣ½΢ţ࣬ôƬطǾͲܻһǻ
ĲŻҾݴһ˴ꡣ
ͨ죬һŰǰλ߷ڵأһʩ˸Ṧˡ
ϱϱȵңҵǮȥȾˣҿջϱ
һ׷һϣܿûӰˡ
ĬȻƬ̣ջĿ⡣
㿴ɣҾ˵ﲻ̫áҲջĿ⣬Ľʧְڿ



52 
䣬ڶͷһ¡
˼ЩʲôЦãҺʱ˵ҪҪڴ˵¡
ʣ㲻𣿡
һͣ⵹
Ҳȫ롣
⿴ȥ
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«έУͷ˿Σȴü档Ļϯأ̼вطɱȡ
һʱܿعɣǻҪ졣
˵Ҳǡ̾˿ÿضôãǰһʱˣе
ź´ΰɡ
˵ţҪߡҲ˼ź֪Լĳԣæס
ȵȡ˰üģôÿζܡԭͲΪЩ
ͣ½Ųͷɻؿ
ﵱȻΪЩ
ǴĹٲʹ˹Źּ֣ѩ˵Զ϶븽ֵĹֲйءֲΪⲡ֮дȾķգֻ˸ɷӣ˽롣
ǾٸΪʲôҪһףѩ˵ⲡҽΣҩڴεú𣿡
Щˣ²һڴ
ǣصѡõλãѰƬɾ֮£ͨдȾԵļʱٸὫ˸ֹȾһ˶أǾҲס
ڴΪΰ˶٣ֵȥֲճʱиΪڷֲֹ֮Ҳ˽вһвǵļˣ˵ȥǲҩ
ûüæʣôֵģ
Ϊȫˡ
һ㶡
ǵļ˵֪࣬ƹˤʮһϸãŽ׽ù鰸
ǾãӵĴŹٸܣҲΪܵвʡ
ͷ
ȣܵȵʲôأûףĻ˴Ӵ𣿡
ȵȵȿɡ̧ԶĴ䣬ȵ֮󣬶ͻд𰸡
.
ڻһʱ䣬ٶʣҲû˵ôվߣҲתԶǴ䡣
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ûлشֻ̧ʩ˸«έкȻâȥө档
ʱөûʱ«έө·ڳ⴦ۡһץſʱҲһֻССө档
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ԭֻԭ򰡡
ϳ̾ϢһһΪΪϲңŻء
գգۡ
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ڳɽʱ˵ֻ㹻ϲŻӦ˫ޡʱ˵ﵽˣԼӦûС
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տʼǼ죬ǵԼЩʲôʱʱ̶̿ǽӰʱʱ̶̿ڻǷ¡
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ĨȥҼʱܣΪϲңΪҲˡ
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ô
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С꣬дĶЩʲô⡣
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˲Ҫ˵ʲôˣؿϲɵģͷһ¡
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ǾСô׽ƿеʧһɡ
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ϲҵģô붼ǡ
ĴҶܣó˽ۣҲҪȥ롣
ǵеκС˺ò
ǵ̫ӣδĻʵۣұȨֱ׳Ҹʽ𣿡
գգ̧ۣͷҾòôȽϣҲûҪ㸸һ𡣡

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ЦЦ˵ʲôȴǰ
˵ˣϲ˾ҪţҪԶԷӦȻһȷǲϲ㣬ûд
ңʣҵС꣬ôأ
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54 
ҹɫݡ
ʦүѰһɾӣеٺҲòĶȥڳ輫ζǼªľƣӲ崲ӣǲˡ
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ԴƳĽҩȻԱȾ߸Ч
꽭жϣɫȴЩɣ⡭
֪²һʱЩԽܣҲȷûиɣ֧һ²⣬˶٣ȥϷһسǣҲйͬΣܴ˵𣿡
ҡͷ
ֻǸη˵߲ҩ໹Ϊֵ÷зڸس߲зʲôϢûôͨ
οϹٸĳţҲ
Ǹسǵֲֹ÷Ϣκ⴫ֱȫʣϢűй¶ȥ
ʱϿسǻȥϷ߲ĸԴ
ϧѾ޶֤ǾΪǱû֪
֮ǰûлɹԴ⣬ֻûֲϣְأ˰
ֱ˵ٸЩȴҽΡ
Ȼ˵ٸЧµҲ޶֤
ǡ֮⣬벻ʲôɣùٸסȴҩơ
ϲ֮飬ÿ겻֪ٵطйСв£㲡鼬һЩֻҪعٸΣû˻ǡ
οǾǣβãг͢ˣҲг͢š
෴Ϣһй¶ֻ񵱳һ
Ǻ˺
ɡȻΪҪ
̾˿Ҳ֪ġ
Уֲ״ӺζΪλô˶ʱͬʱ߲ʧһ꣬Ϊƫƫʱǧ֮ľǾ
Ҫ壬»ҪЩ
.
ҹɫ˲弸йڴвϸ⣬󣬱ûپͲţַԸ˸Ѱ˼ϢŻصڡ
ƿҵΧ߽ȥСűڴϣԴ֪ʲô
߹ȥԭû˯ţһΪ֮󣬻ῴһֻ˯Сĺء
˵Ҫģʲôʱ˵㻰ˣڲŲŲý
Ь࣬§£ڶԷһ¡
һ֣ϰͷ׷ȥȴ΢ƫͷ㿪ˣҹģֲ˯ˣ
±ҪҪͣ
С
Ȳ㣬˹ա˵ûеټˡ
ڽ˯⣬𷽲£ʣո˵ЩǲĸԴͺ汻ȾĲһǻа취𣿡
һᴫŻؾǣʥټȥι߲ҽһˣȻȥص߲ܿƣ⼸ʮˣûβá
ͷʣǽʲôȥٸ𣿡
˶ץˣҺαԼ󣿵Ȼȥ̲˶٣ڴеȷмҪ
ʲô
ȥһ峤
⾩ǸãǹѺƣֶ̫ӵ²Ѿ㹻֪ʦүȥ̲һˡǴ峤ûΥκɷûץ
Щ֡
Ǵ峤˲ҽΣҽ֮࣬ȴ񻼲ʵ顣ȥɽּѩǴ峤ű٣֮Ĺٸ塣
λ峤УǺ֪
̾˿ѺѶ⻰Ҳ֪ܲ׳
һֻ֪Ʋû֤ݣû취
ͷ˵ʵ⻹𣿡
˵
ҿԸʩ
һ壬óԻ
ʣ𣿿ķ
ҵķͻָ
ǰҪСӣµԼάζãԽ鷳ʱû֡
ڣСӼȶнΪ侫ԪѾָ߰˰ˡżõ㷨ｭæȫû⡣
룬Ц
ô
ſؿڣԴԻǺķҪôѽ
ǾҪӽ־Ԫˡ
⻰е⣬Цһ£ڣ
Ȼأõü㻹ϵ죿
Σúúãڡ
˰Цǡε룬һˣȥµϵ
ס£Ҫ㲻
ҲˣҪ
˶Ƭ̣ˣֻ̾ҶѣôӶЩѽ

ƺеţǺϵֱ̧ۣȻеر룬һŬ˯ŵģɡ

΢΢̣Ӱһ
ûر롣߷ߵ˯
ֻʣԴͷһ˫۾գգҮ
ҧûС
û𣿡
ûУ˯


55 
գ§ԼС˯˿硣
Ҳûųţ˺һֱʵڶǰ󱳣˴
ǰ˵ɫҵ
ɸ֮࣬ҲǾʲôȤΪβ롣ʱ˵ҲͰˣ˵˿˷¥һλղĻȥȥ׷˴ŰȢؼҡ
ֱڻÿն޲ý˰ߣϡ
ڽˡ
£С꼸Ӱ룬ǵû˿о룬ʱ̫٣ÿն𤲻Ƶġ
˳ţȴһ˻⡣
Ǹ죬ʱٽ磬ͷҡ
ЩٲԺ̫һɹͷ󺹡һλҲ֪ǲǶ˼߹ǣ˿ɫ԰ף·ʱιȥ
Ǵ˰Ժȵӭ£һֱأһҲûܡ
Ĳû𣿡
˵ƺеţˢغˣҲ£ء̫ܴϹˣ˵ұȾòأΡ
Ƴһۣɫק£ʣܴأ
꣺ȥˡ
λǵһҲЪסϢ˭֪һȥŲˡ
̾Ϣ˵ʲôȴÿдһӥХ
̧ȥһֻӥͷϷ
ǹ𣬺ܿ죬һϮµ첽Ժӣڽǰ£¾ȼ١
٣øոպá
ɽ飬ҲĴлʲô⡣ڷŻصƥзţǴµȥյź󾡿ѱʱ֮衣
ڿó
˷ִӻһݸޣ̫һдһױšŶЩѺؾ̲á
Ӧǡ
ƫͷԺʦүأû˯𣿡
ʦүѸߣôһҹô˯ǰĹЪȥˡ
ϾٸΪ˶ԴЩ
£һԺӽ䴫̫̫̫̫ӵ£
ʦү첽߹ͨһڽǰ
һʦүñ˯£Լ͵͵ˡ
ġĶҰʦүŶǰĺִٵһҲ̫ܲӵµġ
΢Ц㻹ʶʱ񡣡
ײ̫ӵıϾйֲϢĿǰδʲôصĺظһءһҪˣǾǿܲҪԴġ
ջĿ⣬޵λϣǾ֪һ̲Һúõ󡣡
ޣǡ
.
̲һλʶ֪֪꣬ף㽫½ȥ졣´巢дţһޡ
޺ܿѺȺٲ뿪˴ӡ
󣬽Ǵȥ˴峤ҡ
峤סڴ嶫ͷߴǸģСĶլԺûбԺ䣬Ϊġ
ЩũΪĴϵãҹջϰߡ
һ·Ҽһ󿪣в˴յǰǡΨд峤ңӷŵԺŶϣ
ǰţҲûӦ
ƫͷ˲ڼң
Ժ￴һۣڵѽ
͸оϢ
˼Ƭ̣ȻȥϢɣԼͺá
꣺ɡ
ȥɡⲡҪ͵͵ܳһֱûȥøõˡ
ֻӦáת뿪ˡ
ԺΧһȦǽվǽ⣬峤Ӧ֪˭Ҫ㣬ǿǽȥģȥһˣģ
½䣬ɻѹʣû֤ݣץ𣿡
ֲ֪ɫģƽŻء

֣˻Ҳͦġ
һ㶼
ŻȷЧ
ûȶãǰķڱһͷ׵˳
.
ڣ߸˵˱ˮ
̫ӵò衣
Ϣÿ죬Գʵʱҹһ磬Ϣ㴫ȫ塣
ĦŲ豭ûźȣʣ峤֪ΪѰ𣿡
ߵ֪
λ峤˵йˣȻѸߣƳŵͨɽҰ䲻ֹͬ˵ҲͿ
ԲȦӣǹֲ峤֪ζ
߻ǵ֪
֪Դ㱨˹٣ٸ֮Ҳûùҩǲܴ͵͵ȥΣЩɥȪ
Щ˵Ҳ֪
峤ҡ
֪Ϊһܴ֮ΣȴֽӡΪҪô
ߵͷٻش
һˡ
ǲѣҲ˵ʵƺ«ƵģҲе
ƫƫû˽ʡ
˿λ峤̬ԤϣԵ꿴һۡ
Ц£ۡ
ʱͫһʺ⡣
âü䴿⣬ĵɫףٶĵԭһֻ֧°ͣһΪʵģ΢΢Цš
ѾȫȻͬ·ȥ˹Щɬ͵͸˴ѹȸС
峤㿴ҡ
̧ͷĿ⣬Ȼһ㶡
ɿɢ
峤ϣ㲻Ҫƭң𣿡
ɤҲòͬˡ
СԭɤһЩ˵ʱβڵɤøӵͣҲӿ顣ɤһ޵⣬ϳ·СƵģʲô˼ʣֻ֪޲ԣ˳
üĵ׸ֳһ˿΢Ĳá
ڴϣûСôô˵
Իԭ
ߵʶƺѾȫסǻɢĿ⣬ӣãŻص˵ͷá
ٳûʳһ䡣
ĬһֱʼЩ֣ŲԼ䱻
꿴˴ģԴѹȸ˲ȥ˫ƯĺգգԵе޹Ҫʲôţ



56 
Цá
С갡ʩʱдƣﻹǸСɵӡ
ųǰġ
һ㣬Цõüߴٵ
һɫ֪֪ǹֲĲʲô
¿峤ԭ˳
峤ԭأԣҡҡͷ֪
ʣ֪֪ٸΪҪЩ
峤ҡͷ֪
üʣ֪ٸѺƣΪβΪβˣΪΰŹٸ񣿡
һ׳⣬ظȴ峤ˡ
ߺȻʼɢһ졣ξˣǹү
һ
ˣǲһȺͨϰգΪ׳ߣֻʣ档
Թٸĵ
ˣֻѡǴһΪ˱ȫͽʣļˣŹٸһ
˱ۡ
̫ˡ
ϵֱסۣЩǵ
û¡֣˼Ƭ̣ʣԣڱ֮ǰû뵽ٸὫǶ
峤ǡ
˿ڲˮٴγĬ
ֲ֪Ӻζ֪ٸΪҪϢǰҲ֪ٸô
λ峤ѵʲô֪
ѵ´ˣ
ԡ
ôʲô֪
ʣȻ㲻ֲ֪ӺζΪʲôΪҽʱûиȫ֢״ΪʶҵĲ飿
ʻ峤ٴβ
üΪңڽţҪʲô
ôˣ
ܣҪҵĿơעǰǲֹˣеĺԽ
峤Ӧң˵ѵġ
ڣƻ󣺡ûϵģҰɣ֪
߲ͣ
ԻĿ£ߵñȷŻҪľ˵ԵЩĮȻ
ʶҡҲ֪ӦǵģΪ峤ૡ
ü֪ʶҵԭʲô
֪峤˵ͷ֪ˣҩҵġ
ʲôҩ
˵һִĽҩú˾棬ɶٻƣ͡
Ϳ쵽ˣ֪˵ҩôɻʱһЩ
֪ǰҲЩû⣬߹ʳӣµũߡ˼ҩúܸɱƽʱüĻҾ棬ȫۡ
Ψһȱ㣬ҩЧҪɢȥʱʶЩңȶ˾ƣܿͺˡ
ԣ˳ʶңʱ峤ҲֻЩ˷õҩ󣬵ҩЧɢȥͻˡ
ɺǵԽԽأʼֱ֢״峤Ųòȥ˴
֪ҩʱ߹Ľҩñ֪ĲܴҩԲἰǰ֢״
ֱ񻯣ܴҲβֲ峤ֻȥá
ȴǹٸͳһơ
֪˵ֲǸҩģԭ򡣡峤ɢˮȴвӿֲһԭ򣬲ҺġûҪǣҡ
俴ҩأʣ𣿰ҩ
峤ҡҡͷ֪ÿղŸһҩԴӴǿʼ󣬱㽫ҩͣˡûҩˣûˡ
.
峤ɻشϡգģ˯ˣ˯ò̫ȣϻЩۡ
˯һͻûˡ͵ҸոոĶļ䣬֮󣬲ǵҲǵú˵ʲôӦûԼȥ̲ס
ԻٿصˣᰴղٿߵԸ£Ǳʶֲˡٸסͷһհ졣
͵Ӧصߡ
۲ۣʡ
ԭͷɫ¶ƣһ㡣
ԻĶ٣ݱٿߵԶЩԲᶨˣʲô׳һЩĺˡ
Դ˲䣺ܲܽԼȫ˵ʵ
峤Ǳʶﲻ࣬ҲԸ߱ˣ˵࣬ʵ 
˱ס󾱣ϢһɣҴȥ
۵ƤֱܣǲģǿžʣѾ֪ôҪҪһˣǸ֪
һ취ģġ
Ŷ
Ӧ˵ڣȻһûͷƵµ
æס
һѾ۾ȣ˯ȥˡ
һ˯۵òᡣ
̾˿
.
һ˯˺ܳʱ䣬ʱͷѾˡ
۾ԼֻصǼӡ
ߣƺ˯
̧ͷ͵͵
ԽԽãѡ¯ǺãôãҲܵһôÿ¯ԣӦ˵ѩ۹ãѽŽǻû취ʶء
ܶ໰ﶼ˵ܹʶǺܶǰעԵ֡żҲãͽӦԵġ
ʱ򣬽Żôոպãȥɽ
ԣ;һЩֿҲߵһˡ
˵ڽǰǵء
ֻʧȥ˹ļ䣬벻ˡ
ĻʵҲҪС졣
һֱԸ˵Ҳǡ
ǵΪʲôҪҲǵǰǲһǰأ
һǷ˽һԵأ
ǰÿʮҪԷһΣЩʱ䣬Ƿ˵һ
һηһΣҪǴˣܲܵȵ´أ
˵ظֻؾǳӵֻһΣҪʮꡣʱˣЩǻֱɢֻؾԣǾҲҲˡ
Ҹôءеա
ҡȻڡ
ϴ˵Ц⣬ûۣҲЩƵģôûأˡ
ֻ˯ţռ˱˵𣿡¡
ģЦһ
ԴӻӣҲûָܻģκСûһģʱᷴ׾پͱȫƿء
һֻֿڶԷԣһֻס۰ͷڶԷѣ˲䣬΢̧ͷ׾еļ
ɪһ£㣬ͱס촽
Ƭ̺󣬽˷ſʣЩôҲ벻ˣΣ˵
׵öˣٵش£ƫͷ㡣
ΪΣ
ʱʱ̿ˣֲˡ
յǲ㡣
㻹Ҷûء
⣺ʲô
ûʲô
֪СڰæΪԼķ˲ΪĿС˵֮󣬻΢ĺܲ졣
ԺʩҪķˡ
֪ԼʮɣٶᣬʣЩ𣬻𣿡

ֻǸոʩʱһۣ˯һ֮ѾȫָˣοһֱߣԴԴϵľԪ
˵Щ𷽲ڴ峤ҵ֪ϢæʣǱôǸ֪ץ𣿡
ո˯ŵʱ޻ˡ
Ȼأ
̲յϢȥΧ˸ú֪ļңˡ
ȵ۾
̾Ϣһ֪е˵֪˵Լ岻ʣԼԷ˭ÿ̲һ߿ǷţѾ˷ϡ
ʣηɱ𣿡
˵ֳȷɱ廹Ҫ֪֪һСиڵˣѾ̲ˣҵϢȵżȻ
ְƣû뿪ӣϢôȥѽңǴҹץʦүΪʲôǸ֪ǰ֪һ
Ҳһֱжӣ֪ڵ¡
ǻƻʱֵӣ˵֪ǰյʲôϢֻܡ
ǲףǣôȷܲȫ𣿶һµģ
ʦүץ񣬶ûҪûܣ֪˵ĵҲ̫Сˡ
˼Ƭ̣ʦү˵ѹ֪ʲôҩ
ҩձɷҪϺüΡǹٸ֪ôֲһ²Ǳסġ
ԣ֪ηɱʦүڿһ֪˵ӡ
ǸôأԻ˿ɲá
ԭҲţȴԼС⻰Цˡ˰ڻѣŵ޷ȻѾ̲£ȫȨͺãǲΪ
̧ͷҪй𣿡
Сˣٻػʹˡ
ʵҲ̫ھͻؾˣڸ̲ɵǷἰˣҪʥϻ£ǧ˵ġ
̫ӣӦйء
룬Ӧţǻй
Ӿйһξ룬춼ˣûٵȥóš
⡣
˳ӭǰ¡
ǣԺߣһһ߷ԸҺ͹ھͻء
û˵̧꣬ȴվԺͷˡ
Ȼǳ

߳Цӭ̫ӵ£
˵´ֲֹ飬еǣūǰһȻ²ѾȬūؼҰɡ
Ƭ̣ͷһãȻ
ʹ˸
һ̣Żɵ̫ӵ£Ȼһƫͷҵؿȿȿȡ

ȵ˺ѷΣվ·Ҫվˣҡҡ׹
æסǵغǲֲˣǲͷλ£ãǽˣͷطϢ



57 
Ƭ̺ѽ
̫ӵϷͦôµģôһĹɫɿή˷·ҲײײǾòӡ
ûпŽɵģĻ
ڴ££⡭
ȿȿȡһ仰û˵꣬ȿȡʵҪͷȥת游ʡȿȿȡȶ֮һȥ޹
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ٿȥҪɤӿˡ
ʱֹ˿ȣæȥ˱ˮ
һУĬȻƬ̣ΪΣ£ʲôʱԸع
һ⻰ҪȣæĿڣԣⲡⲡʲôʱܺã
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̾˿¿²ɡū빬֮ǰ˵ˣ̫ӵδõй¡
ƫͷԵС꣬ͷҲС
½ҲܲʣҪϸǺķ񡣡´Ĺֲ¶ӷġ
üͷһ壬æֵ׷׽̲ƽҩ;ΰս̫ҽԺйʱ˳ȱá
һЦʵǽҰŵúס
ֹס
ֱȫµ˽ôӦʲôӦԣʲôܽܡ
Ҳ֪˵̫ģǶԽ̫˽⡣
㬵롣
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عԭֻΪȥ̫֮࣬ûʱСꡣԸйܹСߣȻûʲô
ο´£ȷкܶɵ㣬Ĳ¡
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¶Ц⣬ºǱٳµʱٹٺ͵׻ҡУٳϰ䲼گ飬̫ӵ¾λ׼
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СҪ˰Ƭ̣Ц£ѹָֻ£ºؾô
ЦӦǡԼеС̫һ뿪ˡ
ֱԷԶϵЦ¡
ôˣǸ塭㲻ͦϲҪ㲻𣿡
⵹ǡҡҡͷ̾˿ѾʮûعˣȥһʱдŸϣܻʼûдӦ
ô궼ûؾƫƫʱ
ûаʣµĻ˵̧꣬ۿԶ̫ѾɽԶɽŲƬĴ䴶һ
ȴһɽ֮С
ƵϣҶ˰ɡ
.
˵ձصй
´弰ǸĹֲֺ󣬲õơԼ²һԺԲãֹҩģѰȥ߲εĴһסԺ̫ҽԺһƺ͸ҩ
ֻ˶̶գ㽫
ֻ˲黹ǵҪ֪ṩǽҩǺ
Դ֪ηɱǴУǴˣûв鵽κйڽҩô˶ҩҩƫƫһӰӶҲ
һʱ䣬ǰĸ䣬˸׶
ʲôû鵽
ɵͷӵеΨһֻȥ̲׵´峤ԼЩѹĲ
ֻܼϣ̫ҽԺĵ顣
߽鷿ʱÿĶţü
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ֹһ£ĸǰ¡Щ·ܿһԲĻȡ§ŶԷߡ
ոڿ̫ҽԺ𣿡ϵţ
š§£ŵ̫ҽԺǱ߻ûǽҩʲôܴ˸飬Ҿÿһԡ
ĲסˣĲȻҲκˡ̫ҽԺһֻ䣬ͨβԸ볯͢ûǿ
Ϊ˵ǲ򣬲ڽıԺ
Ƿţɿ쿴һ飬̧ͷȥҽ
ǡͷ׹֮ҽҩּңβˣҲ¶ˡʼұֲ֢״ѹжֻû֤ݣֻա
̫ҽԺôöûнչȥҲ鲻ʲôԣܴдŸңϣķӡ
ҽûôң»Ҫһʱ䡣
ţС죺ҪҶҽͺˡ
ｭһǱյһʵҲԻݵЩļУǽҩģ
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ҲǻҪٵ𡭡ſϣ̾Ϣ鷳
ʵʹ÷ԼĹ죬ⶼʲô⡣
Сӳ󣬶ԽԽ뽭׽ˣ׽ʱҲʹ죬йǡ
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һѾʮˣ
滹еġ˷Ѿ˿ʮкö֮ǰûأ̫㾫Ԫá

ѵʮξԪ͹
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Ҳܿġ
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58 
СģһʱûӦ˵ƫģ̇ͷ뽭һۣŸоʲô
ðɡ¶Ϊѵɫڻᶯ
СǰֻǸС򣬳˲ͣʳû紫ݹκϢԣʵһֱûһĻ鷳
ڣʼᶯӦ硣
᲻Ҳ֪ʲôѽ
οÿζú֪᲻
ƽӲ֪߳ΪСԼСǰȻеԥ

˵ֻǶС棬еˡڻԣͲˣ
򴽣ǡҰ㣿
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գգۣͷ¿򸹲Ҫô˯ţ
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ô֪
ûӡ
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ûлӦ
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ҽȷϣνĽҩӦһֺĹƶǶҩʹãʹ˾棬֫ǿһڷãʴԣʹʶ粻壬ת壬Ƥá
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59 
ǿС˯С긹СӺ󣬽ԸԳ
󣬽ŽݣڴߣḧŶӡ
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60 
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ǴĸѧĹִʡ


61 
ϺСŹֵôʣ֡
̫ҽǰڣȷܳΣġ
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ǰС׽ʱСȹȥҪСǰˣҪһףһڣ˼¾ܲˡ
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𣿡ʣǡҸôѽ
ͷ§
֮УСʵҲΪı˺ܶ࣬ҪǻǰͲܲҪˡ
ô죿ͷϸϸЦһܾôܣ
ǣ᲻־þԪðӻȥһ˿ô졣

̧ͷС걻׵õͲס΢˶ץŽ׷ȥȴֱס󡣽˫֣˰ǿȶԷԼӣС꣬ر𣿡
ۿˣˮ޹
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ǹصˣעŽ۵׺º͵Ц⣺þò
ȷǺþòˡƬ̣ͬЦ塣


62 
ۣΨһһλҲǵʥµһλֵܡ۲ͬĸòƣʱӲӢģøΪҲᡣ
ʥϼλǰȥ˷أЩδعǣʵûжʶ
ү񣿡
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ɡ
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ͷɨһۣޡ
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ôҲ̫ˡ
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Сµö벻ԣ޴жˡ
һʱûлش³ǰȥ͵͵̧ۿ
͵ĵһ۾ͷˣԭſҪ˵ʲôһüۣһԲ
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ǰǰҶ˺þˡЦͣ⣬ҪϣЦһЦҿЦһ

޸س˹ǣɿƿߡ
ʱЦøˡ
΢΢̣Σ̿ɡ


63 
ҾãǸ忴ȥˡ湻֮󣬲ضԽ˵
ͨ죬࣬ʣ㲻̫ϲ
ҡͷ̫ϲ
УСٶһ˲ôǿĵ⡣
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˵ĻһҲš
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ֵԽȻԽɡ
صͷӦǧ
⣺㵽Ϊζôĵ⣿
һûлش
Դӿλ󣬱û˺øСķʤּе֮ʵ֣ǳڻֻһ춨һֿԣܲҪŬͻ
Ȼˣ֤ܶԻλȤ
˵ûкˣ⻰ǲжϲ˵ֻǵΪۺ٣λԲš
⻰ֱӶԽ˵
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Ȼ̾˿еƵģ˰
ͷڽһ¡


64 
ݵһ֣΢΢̡
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ɤո̣оҪˡ
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ȴļѡ

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68 
ļæҷŽۻݣں棬æǰæһԲ
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69 
ԭѩ廹ľ𡣡
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ڴ֮ǰһϣܶһЩ
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ҹġĥӵǰ̬ȣѩȻҲƻеһѩ֪Ҫʲôֻô򵥵Ĵ̼ļƻ
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70 
ô˵ķ財ַˣǬ幬ڣʵ
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ɤӣѧų۵ͳɤҪǰ϶˵̫Щජŵ㣬߶߶Ĺκ쳣
ôȻٰ̯˦㣬Լȥˣ
Ц
˵ѧĻмơ
ȷˣҲó۽յıƺ̫һȻҪɨϰǲ˼顣
Ǽ¡
һǱ㲻ٲ̫ˡȻѾھܽ۵ļƻʲôھǶ
ʣСɽȸǱߣҪ𣿡
СɽȸίȥЩΪԷһֱԴѾ˺Щ졣رϢʱ򣬻Թһû¹ȵúȤء
Ƭ̣ٶһʱɡ
һֻСߣϾס
ͷӦá
ʣǽ컹𣿡
Žԭ뷨ۻ֮󣬻Ҫȥ̽һϢġ
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ȻԸ£ûиԼµĵˣ԰ɣ
ͷӣӶԷ۵׿ԼƵЦ⡣
ֻ͵µЦ⡣
ȻҪġЦļ򣬷ȥǳȥ档
ϴλȥԵǸģһԣ˺Щˡ
ԳԳԡ
л̯ȥûµĻӡ

Ǹ裬ҽ컹ٺһ𣿡
ȣ֡
Ųһ١
ʵǱ˵㡣
ǰʱԵݣԼгʱԲ¶θڴãÿճԺ˯ãյⶼ
վԭأͷ޹ؿǲѽ

ЩѾͷ˵ܶԭܳģΪкǰÿˣʥϾҲûгҹǡŶӣС̻ûأôأ

˵㣬ɫǰãʵÿЩ
˵⻰
æͣû˼Ҿһ˵
͵Ļû˵꣬ͿͷﲻסƵ䴽ǡ
ĥġ
æǿסЦüҲûУ㲻Ҫתƻ⣬ǲˣ
ûС
ҽܺ𣿡
ȺȺȡû취ȶٺȶ٣ȡ
תͷȥ
ıӰΪƵģЦԽԽˡ
ꡣ


71 
ҹžһֻСɽȸ֦ͷ͸ԷǰĴ￴
ųȵڴϣɫ԰ףü˯òȡ
ΣѾˡ
Сɽȸ֦ͷ̾˿
һĲӣҲ֪ʲôɶġ
⼸Ϊ˶Žֻۣ°ҹ˳˯ź뿪첻ҪţôգҲܲס
֪ͲӦҪˡ
Сɽȸ˶׵÷ֻצӣͷںë·ŵС﷭Ƭ̣ӵײŵסŵףĶĶӡ
ǺöŶ
ʱѾˣǰһ뿪ȥԶӦáʲôɣ
Сɽȸͷһʱֵͷ˿ڴһˣԼҹߣ϶ſ
̶۾գգƬ̡
Щֲ֪һֱڰжţһʱӦ¡
Сɽȸôţ򣬷ˡ
ڣΪ鱾Ƶ̧ͷ
ߵߣϵ˿ˣˣ
ˡΪϵ˷ʣүΪβֱӽСȥҪϷһֻʶǵ²ɣ
˭֪᲻ءѾָ
ƫͷ⣬¹ӳ£ɫӳɭס
㲻£Ҳʶд˵Ц⣬ɱ޹Ҫ潫ȥˣҪƢġ
οڴôõĺϷɲΪһֻСͱǰûҪ
ΪЦү˵ǡ
˶٣ֵλ̫ƢˣʲôûЩƵ÷˲Ҽʱϵǵļƻɾȫˡ
治Ըֱ

ΪΪ⡣
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ĸɮ죬һôûôҲ̫ϧ˵㡣ΪһһȥΪź
Ϊ۱ۣҸ߹㣬Ҳ
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үҴæҵĺȻصסΪǰֻүҪҪģʲô
ֻǼһ棬ǡ˺ߡ
˰Զץסôۣܲ
ſֺϣںֻܿʣ½һˡ
δƽٵشϢţһ˫ںڰԵüעǰɫһץסǶ˳ȥ
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.
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ǳԳԺȺȣԸͽţҲȥôĵطҪЩӦꡣ
Ҫȥġѻ˯˴ӱ󾱣տٳգչҪȥǬ幬ʥ񡣡
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ڵʲô
ңֻΪѰ˻Ҳ֡
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ҵˣܲ˳뿪ǻ˵
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ģȽչȥл顣
ûãǬ幬Ĺ򿪡
ˡ
.
յ֮ػǸۺ٣ڻӹڣǬ幬θʰ
۽磬鿴ȥҲѳɼǼλ׵Ļͻ۵СޣΧųһһ游óüЦ˲֪ٺö
ڣһԣƫͷƳ޵Ķϱ͵ջأ

Ȼ˵ԼС糿û»˯š
δóȻǰ񲻺ϡ
ǰѹ˦ظ˳ۡ
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СӳҪˡ



72 
ٳյһͰźõģҪʱܿ硣ͳ˿ʱ½ѹԵ㶫̫˿Ҳеǰ󱳡
ٽʱһλʹ
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ԣڵٹȻһߡ
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۸۴Ц⿴ƺѾԼǰҪʲôʥϾ˾ƣ˶شʣƵܴ˷ؾҪֺ֮⣬Ϊһݺ񡣡
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ǰһ亹ſҪ˵ʲôһҲûóȻһε

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§Žʢŭ֮£ͷһ¶ɱ⡣


73 
һӰɿӹǽء
ʺĹǽһͷΪһۣŷ亹Ʋסزš
ǱѹֱĽͬѹһͨϣԷѾ
ΪǹɲܿƵĿ־塣
벻ףµѹǧֶС
ССйꣿ
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Ϊ֡
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Ϊԭأǰ󷢺ڣһ仰Ҳ˵
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˵ţС죺ˣԼһҲµģҵԭĻôױƳ
֮ǰС¶ԭͣΪ㣬ûбǿƵġ
ּѩ̾Ҿ˵̫ӵ
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74 
ŴһܣĹȣ˿̸еʹнۻܿվʣ
ּѩæʣҪ˰ɣô磿
ҡҲ֪ǰһ亹۵ۡ
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ּѩԭΣҴسɽɡ
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Сʵںˣٵǰ̳ȴԳ˴һٵơĴԼԼʹʲôˡ
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75 
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ͺˡ
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ڹǳʿʱûƻ裬ӳʱѾˣʱ
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ͷͷСԴ۵ǲزסЦ⡣
Ȼּͣѧһ໡


76 
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վۣ۾ԭʱһޣǼ͸Ưʺɫ
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С겢ûʲô⣬ôǰܵǰĵ
һſڣڿеĺžߴһˤڵϣڵϹȦűߡ
浹ڵϣʮ޹ء



77 
ѽһӵѾǿ̴ӵ
Ǻ궼ô躢ӵģس·ϣſڽͷ
ʳһֻţһֻСẓ́ĴָָḧСӱˣĴ˹
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ҪǺ֮꣬Ҫϳȥ𡭡ǣˡ
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ģϳȥ˼캢֮󣬽ѾԼ˵ʲôˣܻΣҪǻعȥġʱҪѧ徭ѧ黭ѧṇ̃ѧιЩɱѧϰҪˡ
СӴؿغڽģֻȲ˲
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78 
ڿһƬš
λϸһ֮ѵôƬ̣Ȼһ㣺ѹ֣С
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79 
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֪⻹С꣬ȷȷʵʵѾһģֽ̧ڰգأԱŤһҲûȥ
˰벽ĬĬǹľԶ˵㣬ţ񡣡
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80 
ĺʱ֣վ·ߣŽɽķ򣬵ʹͷ
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žŰʮһףһδεĴȥˣ̥ǡ
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ۣھʹķɿʧУȴһ̵
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֪ȥã㱼䣬о˽ӽԼ
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ס׻ûء
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СꣿСꡭ
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ɺܿ죬ӰǱ紵ɢһ㣬֮Уֻ¶Էº͵ĻӦ
á
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ȸоľۣ·𱻻ձһ㣬۵ŷ֣Լ˽ڻ
ס˵ͷǵߣһޡ
ĿԽʣԭҪµײ֪ΪȻֹɽ֮ۿߵƴɢ
ףܿ췢쳣̧ͷȥƣʧˣ
ɵ𣿣
һԼ˺ܾõҲʲôѽұһԭξˣҪǱУģ
׽Ѿ룬Ѷʱ佫˺޸
ϡ϶Ƶ˺ۣһѪʹñƽʱҪûһٺϲãֺίһ޾ͣ
۵Ҫ˿ڣæҰ᣺Բ𣬶ԲޣҴˡ
ôܲܡ
ôԼСܿࡣ
˵öԣǸɵӡ̾˿ҲеΣÿοΣգܣҾʵر
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лҪ˵
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ɽǲױȽ϶̫࣬ܲ⣬һ¡
һ͸뿴ֱӷһҳ¿


СɽٿǹǰӰСҪҪȥɽ磬СԼѡ
شҪȥĻ׾ͻһߣ˻һȻҲϵģۣţ
С겻֪ѡ˼䣬׽ٽˣǻ˼һ
ǲͬһˣֻǽǱʶѡĻСꡫ


82 
ƣԼʲôʱιȥĶ֪Լ˯˶á
ʱѾص˶
Ĵ齣Լ΢ѹƵģò̫С
˶ָ̧ͱһ˫ֽסˡ
ˣڴߣŵüᣬЩ𣿻𣿡
ߵˣûŻش
صĿ˵㣬ѭԴͷȥſһֻë޵ĺ̡СһһᣬԭڽţֵڿԼ֮۵һ˳
Ӷ۾޻ˡСӷֱߣеε˵
СѾѧˣձ£ֻǰצסָŴµ
ۣûѽ
ɤеƣ˱ˮ
Žֺ˵ˮֵҰ㱧ضһͿʼޣô嶼岻á
̵ԴҲΪء
Сӵȷ޵̫ã󷴶ûһ˯ˡûýôḧ
߻ûӽƿ
ʲô
ʾһЩ̧ĸ˽Ĳ
ﱻΪӡӣΪûмʱ˴Ѿеϡ
Լûע⵽
·һůĴɿ˴סķ
Ѿû
ɵ˿ŻˣΪε׽ٽúܿ죬ʵ˵ûжء
ֻ˯˼ʱѾƲκˣθҲԶ޸
Ǿͺá̾˿Ժˡ
⻹ǽͷһοС˵ôأ˵ǵܣԼҲ۵ú޲ȡ֮
֮ǰС׽١
걧ɤƣˡ
£ŷӦ˵ʲôۿȻˡ
ʵǰӲԼж࣬Ҳ׽ж¡Ǻۣ֪ǷӦҪĴۣۣҲ̵ġ
ǣ֮󣬺Ŀʼίˡ
ͺǰ׽ٽԼĬĬڶԼ˿ڡ
û˻һֱˮȣ۲ۡ
ڽͷһҶɽٵʱ򣬿һˡ
ʣ˭
ϴǸѽ
üͷ𣺡ֲˣ
ûУûвҡӽѳڴߣζҺᣬЦˡ
ҪҪһȥɽ硣
û˵ĬĬס֡
СҾܾ
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̣ҲҪ
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û˵̧ͷ⧲סˡ
һʼе㼱УŪƵģܿͰƣҲɫʡ
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κ˶Сж֮ҲףСΪ˷Ĵۡ
˭ûȨҲûʸ
СȴΪ
ѽͨۿæֻһΣҷŸոջָҲûкúû׼ãܷɹġ
ģôأֻǸѽ
ֻǸζѡ
š͵Ӧ֪
¿ҲֻΪ㣬̰Ҫһزˣ̸ô죿һûпΣûҵء
Сƺ˯Լ֣ԴĲ˲䡣
֮ǰ˵㵱˻ʵۣ̿϶ҲᱻΪҵûó۸۸ˡУ̳ܵʵˣλҵ档С
Цһûλأ˵Щ֪Ҫȶá
Ǿ͵Ϊ˷궼ȹˣʮѣֲǵȲ𡣡
áӵһȡ
.
˳ɽΪҲǸһ䡣
ɽûܻع
ΪҵСȻٳٲϻΡ
ǱߣϵСһʥּô´ˡ
͵СﻯΡ
һһ࣬Сڻһ㶯ûС
һһСֻзɿӹһƬյͣסеһֻҰɽĴѾҧö
ѵҰɽعͷҲںϾ
ֻͽСҰɽСҲȺ̵ʹ˺ü
ҰɽѾ챻СˣܾŬųûסֻſڶԷϣøûõҧ
һҧһڵغأأ
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ŵҪԣرҪǿʲôͲʲô
һһڿյϴòɿëɣҲûţһ԰ѸץҰë
ҵʱı
ҰɽˣſڵϴŴСӵǼͣҧĳ򣬱߸߹
ԼҸ׹ûע⵽
һԸҧѽҧʲôãҧҧ˼ҡ

֪СΪҰڽӵķϣѰмĹ졣
һµĺôɱ⡭
ˣľͺá
ߵߣͷţôʥִˣ
ǰ˵Ǵźסɽжв㣬ȥйסһʱ䡣
ȥйԴ̻ᱻְɣ
ΪǴһСйڵ̴ȫֵ֮ˣ޺С׻ȥź򣬻з̫ҽҲС
һͷ˼
̻п츳нչ¾Բġ
ʵ̻Ρ
ֻҪȥ˼䣬ܻξЩ鷳ˡ
ͻСȻ壬̫ʹãԱޡ
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ںСһٰǵʱ֪ܣֻţг۶ףйӦû㰲ȫ
ɽϾв㣬ֻܿÿղԺͽʱʱɽȡʳԼãһ϶йסʡ
ɿ˼һͷѽǾȥй
Ҳͷȥʰɽ
һ㶣ô
̾˿еΣʵϣ޺СѾɽˡ

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ѹͲ̬ȡ
ôȥйסѽ̽ʣòᡭѾй˰ɡ
ġЦЦ˵͢˵£ʱ߲ԡ
ʣ͢ôˣ

ҲûбҪټװһһձһպã̫ҽ˵Ϊʲôֻܹ鹦ӡ
ʲôԭ򣬳ԳЩ˵Ǽ¡
׵ı
ڳ۸没ڼ䣬ѳ˳Ȩ˵۽ջشȨһֻ̤ײĵĲӻʵۣ±Ͼࡣ
⼸ʵȨƺΪ
ɲ֮Ͳˡ
˵Ѿڰбگδ䲼ıƹ
Դ类ƻʥϱûگ£֪Ϊ⼸¶ڹ˲֪
گһղ£ЩĵȻĴҡ⼸£ǵСʵδϹ潭˹ȥ
ʣǵæϺһˣӦù˲̻˰ɣ
˵׼һЦСӣͷ컯ΣڶվҪٳ£붼ʱ
˵ʱڰֻҰɽĥþƣһҧ˶ԷĲӡ
ƺֱʱŷֽűԼ˺üײײܵűߣسҡβͣأأ
̵Դ̾л˵ȥйǲסɽͻСÿպЩҰ޻һԽԽҰȻ׻Ρȥ˵ͻˡ
ԭ⻰ƫģڡ
ֻ͵ԼϣѪҰɽеЦá
˵ƺҲЩ
лҪ˵
ɽа


83 
ҪߣಶҲҪܵġ
ֻҰһ۵Ĳ˺飬ιĴ󹦳СͷһγԼʳ˵ԭش˸޲ٳȥϼֻ
Щģ֪ȥ˼᲻᲻ϰߡ
Ƴĵǣûϵϲٻǡ
̰ͼ֮ˣס˵ûв
ֻҪСһͺá
ʣļⱻڻԿ죬˺һȣȡȥȴ˺Ȼ֣Ǽȶ˹ȥ
δζļȣҧһڣҾͺܺá
뽭ĵһգ˼ȸԡʱûдɽĵϣȴԹóԵĶ
ڳԹôóԵģȻϲֻȡ
Ц˺һȣҲžôҧһڡ
ߣСӱװӵС룬ԵԴβͻҡΡ
.
˵ǣ̶¼Ӧúܺá
ȥйĵһգͺſڴ棬֮ѾϷ׷ֻཱུСèйˡ
Ϊʲô׷ţȻΪС̫С
˵Σֻϲ棬޷屾ܶԴη塣
峤˵㣬ѾճǿС
ϵëøΪβͳɣԶԶŷ·һֻС
ǶʱգŷСۣ˵Ƽйֻɫúܣ׷èܡ
Ϊˣ˵йӸ顣
йڵһж󲻵ò׽񣬵ȻҲͶι
йס¾ãǱߣȴϾöࡣ
֮ĳһ磬¹档没䣬йĻվ˶ӵĳչٵİչ٣Ĵ
һʱ䣬֮Σǰͷ֪ʱͻ䵽Լͷϡ
ɳ۴ˣΨûж
һƻˣһնȥ㣬ķǲϸʹ졣
ǵԼ췴ءйڣ¾ǵţЦһ
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ſ㣬С̵ԴϣڶѧữҾ͸ԣ̹ģ
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ٲΣ·ݶҪˡ
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ѵҪһЩ˵װԼ
͵ǲУʵڲǰװеģ
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Ҫ𣿡Ļε̧ͷҪٻ٣Ǿֻȥסƫˡ
ǰվһֱС̫Сշš
һνʱһûƵסɢ˰޹
Ȼ˾ȼʱֳ˲Сӡ
һοԶ˵ʧ𣬿ɽ˵ڶΣΡйʣ̶ƣô̫ӵй޹ʧ
µȷ޿κΡ
СӵʱǿʱǿʱƲס˵ǽˡ
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ġ
պĿǰ˵ֻֻζѧСꡣ
˵Ҳԡ̾˿ͷԼģһ׼װһʱɡ
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ֻǻûӣжӰ졣
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ڿһš
·ͼʣ㿴ʲôѽ
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Ҳһѷչ˺εȳ̶ȡ
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գգۣǣߵÿ𣿡
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˼شۡ
˵ŻҲûšСӱŸڳˣ̧ǰצע⵽ʱѾװҡβͳԵġ
һ߳ţϻǳǳĺ⡣
һ䡣
Сÿɢǰ⸱ģ
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Ҳһ£ɿ˵ƷǰΣԼҪĵźͱī
ϡﻩһأץŽ½ٴС
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ͷȥ̵ķԶƮڰգСԴһСûĸ㡣
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ǰȫƷڵأīֽеĸ㣬ȫˤ˸顣
⣬޴󲽳ﻹһͰˮ£Ż𣿺δ


ûŻ𡣡§εЦ£̫ڲҡ
̣յ㣬˵̿ƲסֳӣҽŹͷˡ
δ䡣
̳ǿڸ㣬ϺȻַ⡣
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⼸˴ҲҳעǹâƮ䣬ֽסâɢȥѾûС̵Ӱ
ȡ֮ģһƯӤ
СӤƷЩһ㣬ճʱͰͣۡһ˫Բ۾˳ŨܣջཱུģüѾϡܿΪƵϡ

Ǹ壬Ȼе޴롣
ϾǺ꣬ȻǰûӣǼٵġ
⻹һα̡
֫ģûƤëıһ󶼻󻵡
֣Ӳһ
۵Ц˳
Сһֱڴ̻ΣôóԸֱֵ֮š
СƺҲЩɻգգۣźڰĸ첲ѽѽ
շһʱסˡ
Ƿƽʱ̫һ
СӵͷԼðװֵ塣
סˡ
˺ܳʱ䣬񲢲ԼΪʲô˶ССƣ̧Դֻͷ󿴣ƺһԼβ͡
ǶûС
СһۿȻˡ
ֳ︡һ˿õԤС
һ쳹Ӥһ㿪
СӱٴΰСƵıУڰзһƵġ
䣡
ɢ˲˷磬ɢȼ˸ձ޷š
һƬæ֮УըëĺƮƮ䵽ϣ޵÷·һ㡣

̵ĵһγɹξô⧲־ĶǵĽˣǰһͰˮǿס޵
Ƭ̺󣬽ͷˮʰջٵ뿪Żصڵ
̻δصߡ
ҲԭΣúš
ߵߣȰϲûΣԺ󲻱˾ǣٱ
ûССǲϲˡ
ͷẒ̇̾˿ΪԼëȻͺˣſ޵ġ
лҪ˵
̣ëëˣ䲻ˣβҲˣQAQ


84 
۵ƺܿЧûãҡ
ûʳ֮ʱǱ빬ͼǬ幬Юʥϡ
Ȼǹһ
ıڳ۵׼£ܿ챻һơⳡñԤڻҪ죬ı߽ȴá
йߣһ磬Ȱ˵ףβͺˣ˶ûëġΪʲôλгͷûУֻΪͻСû
ƶǶʮʱ䣬ӦԼε塣
ϣճ۵ļƻ̴ӣΪ֪߷̫ҽ޹䡣
һ簲׵һ˳С
Ψз̫ҽǱĺӣǵҡͷ̫Ҳ̫˵㡣
ǵȻ̳ڶĸˣο϶ճӤǰģ̵λûȻ̫վ·ΪӦȱȣǻûȫ
̫ҽ䣬ֻ̺Ȼһ̧첲Ūɢ˽ò׸õ١
Цúܿġ


̾ô찡
عɲճĺӡ
̴ٵСﱧҲ̾˿ǻйһʱɡ
йǳ۰ˣȻ֪̺ʵݣֵΣһ˷Ҳô
˶ӡ
ڵйȷΪ׵̫ҽͷֳһ񣺡̫ӵΪ̫
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Ȼǽϣ෴̫ˡ
СĺӣҪҪüǣҪԢáô˼˺ü£ûһʮ֡
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ҹȥʥϾҪӳϢѸ¡οŮӳ󣬶Ҫףûдǲеġ
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ѾԼ̽˹ȥڻʮֿģڵнˣԭģҲġ
ཱུòѽ
̱죬ѽ
ȡʽúȡ̡ʱ޼ĬȻƬ̣ǲеŮӣ
𣿡룬ǻһ֣нɣ㡣
Ǻģ⺬塭
һʱеŸѹȻϣԼĺҲͯꡣ˶ϣ㣬ֻԸڣƽϲ֡
Ȼûô࣬иֶˣĻ˼ЩԼôĶǵá
̽࣬ⲻͦõ
㲻ϲ𣿡һʱûлش룬ǽнߣᣬʲôͬţ
ˡæֹͦõġ
Ҫȡߡ֣Ī˵Ԣ⻹㣬ǹ͹ˡ
.
̵Ĵôˣգ̫ҽϢ˾
Щʱ򣬵ʥĸµʥּڴ
ʥּĴ˼ǣ̫ӽʱһϹʳǣ֮ࡣ̫ӵһʹ굮»Ѫд񼣣̫һƬģҲ̫ת֤
۾ĴãشΪ̫Ϊ̫£ؼ˰ꡣ
һʱ䣬ٹ֣ͬ׷̾һ񼣡
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ԴӲúָֻ˹ȥģ̶£뵽ط⽻ȫһ
ɾڻ̫Ϣعеĵڶ죬Űճ˺üա
ԣл游а
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һԣһۣеΣʣҪٲǰصˡ
˵ѵȨ㳯Ұھǻв൳ԣ⼸ʵЩæ
˵ֻǹһۣһ죬عһơ
ûô׵ġ
ýòݡ
ԣƳ˽һۣɤӣ׼Ķ
Ӧǡڵȡһʵǰ
һʥּ
æûŽӣʣʣǺ
ҪĴλگ顣۶ԼұͷҲ̧Ҫٴߣعȥ޲ˡ


ĬȻƬ̣ûگ顣
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ڳ۲Ȭѱųᵱʲôʵۡ
ȻҪԼСúù갲ӡ
Щ죬۾ôĵӣ޵Ĵλگ鶼Ҿܾ
ֻʵʵ˵
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ֵңһֱȥһ뽫Ҵķòﵽʳȫ
Ƴһۣǰ˵Щ
ǡ
۴̫ȥ档
ͷûҴǻ
Ѿ۲λݣΪʱܻعһֱûд顣ǰЩӳ뽭㽫鶨ڿ֮
ˣȥȥɡһ֣ʾⳣگ飬ŻᣬǸõߣʶ
ֵͷСЦСžͳɣ㰮ȥĶȥĶ

лʡ
ڵ˾䡰ɡרĶŪеСӡ
ûֵ˵ʣһ󣬻ʳȫ
̧ͷʶʲô
̾˿
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